MacArthur AP III and AP IV Additional Terms for AP Exam Flashcards

6440318073	Abstract	Language that describes concepts rather than concrete images.	0
6440325965	Ad Hominem	An attack on the person rather than the persons ideas: "against the man."	1
6440330685	Allegory	Work that functions on a symbolic level.	2
6440333624	Allusion	Reference contained in a work.	3
6440335637	Analogy	Basis for comparison. A comparison to a parallel situation.	4
6440339267	Anecdote	Story or brief episode told to make a point.	5
6440342680	Antecedent	Word, clause, or phrase to which the pronoun refers.	6
6440347934	Antithesis	Two contrasting images; ideas balanced by word, phrase, clause, or paragraph.	7
6440352728	Argument	Single assertion or a series of them presented and defended by writer.	8
6440356062	Attitude	Relationship an author has toward subject and/or audience.	9
6440358754	Balance	Situation in which all parts of the presentation are equal; i.e., in sentences, paragraphs, or sections of a longer work.	10
6440365645	Cacophony	Harsh and discordant sounds in a line or passage of literary work.	11
6440369287	Character	One carrying out action of plot in literature; i.e., major, minor, static, or dynamic types.	12
6440374218	Colloquial	Slang in writing, used to provide local color and informality.	13
6440377361	Comic Relief	Inclusion of humorous character or scene to contrast and intensify tragic event.	14
6440381441	Conflict	Clash between opposing forces in a literary work.	15
6440385494	Connective Tissue	Elements that create coherence in a written piece.	16
6440411806	Connotation	Interpretation of word based on associated images rather than literal meaning.	17
6440416700	Deduction	Process of moving from general rule to specific example.	18
6440419503	Denotation	Literal or dictionary meaning of a word.	19
6440421978	Dialect	Re-creation of a regional spoken language, such as Southern dialect.	20
6440424853	Diction	Author's choice of words that creates tone, attitude, and style, as well as meaning.	21
6440428122	Didactic	Work wholly designed to teach; usually formal.	22
6440434337	Discourse	Discussion of specific topic.	23
6440438814	Ellipsis	Series of three periods indication omission of word, phrase, sentence, paragraph, or whole section from a text.	24
6440444822	Epigraph	Quotation at beginning of a work that hints at its theme.	25
6440454062	Eupemism	More acceptable or pleasant way of saying something that might be either inappropriate or uncomfortable.	26
6440458851	Euphony	Please, mellifluous presentation of sounds in a literary work.	27
6440461829	Exposition	Background information presented in a literary work.	28
6440465734	Extended Metaphor	Sustained comparison, often referred to as a "conceit."	29
6440468475	Figurative Language	Devices used by writing that are not literal; i.e., metaphor simile, motif, symbol, hyperbole, etc.	30
6440477071	Flashback	Device that enables writer to refer to past thoughts, events, or episodes.	31
6440480232	Form	Shape or structure of a literary work.	32
6440482637	Hyperbole	Extreme exaggeration.	33
6440484266	Image	Verbal approximation of a sensory impression, concept, or emotion.	34
6440487484	Imagery	total effect of related sensory images in a literary work.	35
6440490116	Induction	Process moving from a given series of specifics to a generalization.	36
6440492798	Inference	Conclusion on can draw from presented details.	37
6440495782	Invective	Abusive attack.	38
6440497994	Irony	Unexpected twist or contrast between what happens and what was intended or expected to happen.	39
6440501501	Logic	Process of reasoning.	40
6440502835	Logical Fallacy	Mistake in reasoning.	41
6440504512	Metaphor	Direct comparison between dissimilar things.	42
6440506816	Metonymy	Figure of speech in which a representative term is used for larger idea; i.e., often "part for whole."	43
6440511372	Monologue	Speech given by one character.	44
6440514430	Motif	Repetition or variations of an image or idea used to develop them and/or characters.	45
6440518507	Narrator	Speaker of a literary work.	46
6440520614	Onoamatopoeia	Words that sound like the sound they represent.	47
6440524318	Oxymoron	Image of contradictory term; i.e., jumbo shrimp.	48
6440527618	Pacing	Movement of a literary piece from one point or section to another.	49
6440531178	Parable	Story that operates on more than one level, often to teach a moral lesson.	50
6440534617	Parody	Comic imitation of a work that ridicules the original.	51
6440536750	Pathos	Aspects that elicit emotion.	52
6440539800	Pedantic	Describes writing that borders on lecturing; often scholarly, academic, overly difficult and distant.	53
6440546468	Periodic Sentence	Main clause occurs at end of sentence. Phrases and/or dependent clauses precede main clause.	54
6440551041	Personification	Assigning of human qualities to inanimate objects or concepts.	55
6440557135	Persuasion	Argument with a goal toward causing audience to act.	56
6440562790	Plot	Series of events in literary work.	57
6440564774	Point of View	Meth of narration in literary work.	58
6440567009	Pun	A play on works that often has a comic effect.	59
6440571640	Reductio ad Absurdum	Latin for "to reduce to the absurd." Can be used both for comic effect and argument. A logical fallacy as it reduces an argument to an "either/or" choice.	60
6440582344	Rhetoric	Tools enabling a writer to present ideas to audience effectively.	61
6440586557	Rhetorical Question	A question posed by not expected to be answered. Used to pose an idea.	62
6440590184	Sarcasm	Comic technique that ridicules through caustic language.	63
6440596788	Satire	Mode of writing based on ridicule, which criticizes the society without often offering a solution.	64
6440604343	Setting	Time and place of literary work.	65
6440739274	Simile	Comparison using "like" or "as."	66
6440742052	Stage Directions	Playwright's specific instructions concerning sets, characterization, delivery, etc.	67
6440748022	Stanza	Unit of poem, similar in rhyme, meter and length to rest of poem.	68
6440750929	Structure	Organization and form of work.	69
6440752125	Style	Unique way author presents ideas and includes diction, syntax, imagery, structure, and content.	70
6440758030	Summary	Reducing of original text to essential parts.	71
6440761664	Syllogism	Format of formal argument, consisting of major premise, minor premise, and conclusion.	72
6440766568	Symbol	Something standing for something else.	73
6440773124	Synecdoche	Figure of speech utilizing a part as representative of a whole.	74
6440776931	Syntax	Grammatical structure of prose and poetry.	75
6440780157	Synthesis	Integration of sources into the development and support of a writer's thesis or claim.	76
6440784843	Theme	Underlying ideas illustrated through characterization, motifs, language, plot, etc.	77
6440788181	Thesis	Main idea of a piece of writing.	78
6440789735	Tone	Author's attitude toward subject.	79
6440791468	Transition	Word, phrase, or sentence that links or provides coherence in writing.	80
6440796393	Understatement	Opposite of exaggeration.	81
6440798537	Voice	1. Relationship between a sentence's subject and verb; i.e., active vs. passive voice. 2. "Sound" of a writer's style.	82