The Brain Unit: AP Pysch Flashcards

5227595631	Corpus Callosum	Axon fibers connecting the two hemispheres, severing this causes split brain	0
5227595632	Brain Stem	serves as a bridge between the brain and the body, made up of the Pons, Medulla, Spinal Cord, Recticular Formation, Thalamus, Cerebellum	1
5227595633	Limbic Systems	Deals with emotion and drives, made up of the Amygala, Hippocampus, Hypothalamus	2
5227595634	Frontal Lobe	Contains the motor cortex and is involved in planning, judgement and decision making	3
5227595635	Parietal Lobe	Contains the sensory cortex and receives sensory input for touch and movement	4
5227595636	Occipital Lobe	Processes visual data and routes it to other parts of the brain	5
5227595637	Temporal Lobe	Controls memory, storage, emotio, hearing and on the left side, language.	6
5227595638	Cerebral Cortex	all lobes and cortexes (home of all 40 billion neurons)	7
5227595639	Broca's Area	controls speech and muscle movements in order to speak	8
5227595640	Wernicke's Area	deal with comprehension and word recognition of spoken language	9
5227595641	glial cell	cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protects neurons	10
5227595642	Aphasia	impaired use of languages caused by damage to language areas	11
5227595643	Denrite	branching extension that receive incoming messages.	12
5227595644	Axon	single extension of neurons that carry messages.	13
5227595645	Myelin Sheath	insulates axon and speeds along messages	14
5227595646	Terminal Branches	house the synaptic vesicle that relay messages	15
5227595647	Cell Body	contains nucleus	16
5227595648	Vesicles	hold neurotransmitters	17
5227595649	Polarization	negative ions inside positive ions outside.	18
5227595650	Depolarization	ions channels open, positive and negative switch	19
5227595651	Repolarized Membrane	State in which neurons are ready to fire again	20
5227595652	Threshold	level must be reached to fire	21
5227595653	Action Potential	brief electrical charge	22
5227595654	All-or-none Response	impulse does not vary in strength, either it fires or it doesn't	23
5227595655	serotonin	too little can lead to depression	24
5227595656	Refractory Period	time in which neuron cannot fire.	25
5227595657	Neurotransmitters	Ach, Seratonin, Norepinephrine, Dopamine, Endorphins, GABA, Glutamate, & Melatonin	26
5227595658	Receptor Sites	where neurotransmitters attach	27
5227595659	Reuptake	reabsorption of access neurotransmitters by the sending neuron	28
5227595660	Antagonists vs Agonists	antagonists block reception, agonists mimic NT's	29
5227595661	CNS	brain and spinal cord	30
5227595662	PNS	nerves the connect body to brain	31
5227595663	Autonomic	unconscious & involuntary	32
5227595664	Somatic	conscious & voluntary	33
5227595665	Sympathetic	Fight of Flight	34
5227595666	Parasympathetic	Rest & Digest	35
5227595667	Hormones	chemical messenges	36
5227595668	Pituitary Gland	master gland	37
5227595669	Thyroid Gland	metabolism	38
5227595670	Adrenal Gland	metabolic processes	39
5227595671	Reproductive Gland	vigor and sex drive	40
5227595672	EEG	brain waves measured	41
5227595673	CAT	3D xray of brain structure	42
5227595674	MRI	magnetic and radio waves for density and location	43
5227595675	fMRI	links brain structure to activity	44
5227595676	PET	radioactive glucose to track brain function.	45
5227595677	Reticular Formation	nerve network in brain stem the helps control Arousal	46
5227595678	Motor Cortex	rear of frontal lobe the controls voluntary movements	47
5227595679	Sensory Cortex	area at front of parietal lobe the registers and processes body touch and movement sensations	48
5227595680	Cerebral Cortex (Brain Map)	a wrinkly covering of brain 1/8 in thick. Bodies ultimate control and into processing center is made of many glial cells.	49
5227595681	Parietal Lobe (Brain Map)	is the portion of cerebral cortex lying at the top of head and toward rear. It receives sensory input for the body positions.	50
5227595682	Occipital Lobe (Brain Map)	portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of head. It included visual area which receives info from the opposite visual field	51
5227595683	Cerebellum	little brain attached to rear of brain stem dealing with coordinating balance & movement, but also implicit, procedural long term memory.	52
5227595684	Brainstem	Oldest part and central core of brain beginning where spinal cord swells and enters skull. Is responsible for automatic survival functions.	53
5227595685	Medulla	at the base of the brain stem. Controls heartbeat and breathing	54
5227595686	Pons	coordinate muscles movement. The cross-over point where most nerves to and from each brain side connect.	55
5227595687	Amygdala	2 lima beans sized neural clusters that are components of limbic system and linked to emotion (fear & aggression)	56
5227595688	Hyptothalamus	lies below thalamus. It is a neural structure, directs maintenance activities (eating, drinking, sex drives, & body temp) Helps govern endocrine systems via pituitary gland.	57
5227595689	Thalamus	brain's sensory switch board, located at top to brain stem. It directs messages to memory receiving ares in cortex and transmit replies to cerebellum and medulla.	58