AP US History: Chapter 15 Reconstruction Flashcards

5762248696	Ten Percent Plan	Lincoln's plan that allowed a Southern state to form its own government afetr ten percent of its voters swore an oath of loyalty to the United States	0
5762248697	Wade-Davis Bill	an 1864 plan for Reconstruction that denied the right to vote or hold office for anyone who had fought for the Confederacy...Lincoln refused to sign this bill thinking it was too harsh.	1
5762248698	Black Codes	Laws denying most legal rights to newly freed slaves; passed by southern states following the Civil War	2
5762248699	Freedmen's Bureau	created by Congress to provide clothing, shelter, education, food, and medicine to former slaves (vetoed by Johnson and overrode by Congress)	3
5762248700	Civil Rights Act of 1866	A federal law that authorized federal action against segregation in public accommodations, public facilities, and employment. (vetoed by Johnson and overrode by Congress)	4
5762248701	Fourteenth Amendment	guarantees equal protection of the law and rights of citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the USA, including former slaves.	5
5762248702	Reconstruction Act of 1867	Act passed by Congress that abolished previous state governments and set up 5 temporary military districts run by Union generals.	6
5762248703	Fifteenth Amendment	guaranteed voting rights regardless of race or previous condition of servitude	7
5762248704	American Woman Suffrage Association	organization led by Lucy Stone, Henry Blackwell, and others who remained loyal to the Republican party, despite its failure to include women's voting rights in the 15th Amendment	8
5762248705	National Woman Suffrage Association	led by Susan B. Anthony, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton in response to the split within the American Equal Right Association over support of the 15th amendment. Anthony and Stanton thought that they shouldn't support the 15th amendment unless it included the vote for women.	9
5762248707	sharecropping	A system used on southern farms after the Civil War in which farmers worked land owned by someone else in return for a small portion of the crops.	10
5762248708	Union League	the black political organization that promoted self-help and defense of political rights	11
5762248709	scalawags	A derogatory term for Southerners who were working with the North to buy up land from desperate Southerners	12
5762248710	carpetbaggers	A derogatory term applied to Northerners who migrated south during the Reconstruction to take advantage of opportunities to advance their own fortunes	13
5762248711	convict leasing	Notorious system, begun during reconstruction, whereby southern state officials allowed private companies to hire out prisoners to labor under brutal conditions in mines and other industries	14
5762248712	Civil Rights Act of 1875	A federal law that authorized federal action against segregation in public accommodations, public facilities, and employment.	15
5762248713	Freedman's Savings and Trust Company	a private bank founded in 1865 to aid displaced blacks and other war refugees	16
5762248714	classical liberalism	a political ideology that values the freedom of individuals — including the freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and markets — as well as limited government.	17
5762248715	laissez faire	Idea that government should play as small a role as possible in economic affairs	18
5762248716	Crédit Mobilier	a joint-stock company organized in 1863 and reorganized in 1867 to build the Union Pacific Railroad. It was involved in a scandal in 1872 in which high government officials were accused of accepting bribes.	19
5762248717	"Redemption"	Southern Democratic term for the end of Reconstruction and the return of white southern Democratic rule to the South.	20
5762248718	Ku Klux Klan	A secret society created by white southerners in 1866 that used terror and violence to keep African Americans from obtaining their civil rights.	21
5762248719	Enforcement Laws	aimed at the KKK, protected the freedman's rights under the 14th and 15th amendments, authorized military action to suppress terrorist movements	22
5762248720	Slaughter-House Cases	A group of decisions begun in 1873 in which the Court began to undercut the power of the Fourteenth Amendment to protect African American rights.	23
5762248721	U.S. v. Cruikshank	Supreme Court decides the federal government cannot punish whites for oppressing blacks	24
5762248722	Civil Rights Cases	Supreme Court decision in 1883 that said the Fourteenth Amendment only made discrimination by government illegal; private citizens could do as they pleased.	25
5762248723	Andrew Johnson	United States President during Reconstruction; he was impeached by Congress for not agreeing with their plan to reconstruct the South.	26
5762248724	Charles Sumner	the Republican idealist who pushed for black suffrage during Reconstruction as a principle of black freedom and racial equality	27
5762248725	Thaddeus Stevens	A Radical Republican who believed in harsh punishments for the South. Leader of the Radical Republicans in Congress.	28
5762248726	Ulysses S. Grant	President who used his authority to fight against the KKK and secure rights for freed slaves; scandals and public opinion slowed his effectiveness	29
5762248727	Elizabeth Cady Stanton	An American social activist, abolitionist, and leading figure of the early woman's movement	30
5762248728	Robert Smalls	Slave who worked for the Confederates as a planter pilot. Stole a vessel and loaded it with family and took it to the Union. Important politician and established a Republican party in South Carolina.	31
5762248729	Blanche K. Bruce	U.S. politician who represented Mississippi as a Republican in the U.S. Senate from 1875 to 1881; of mixed race, he was the first elected black senator to serve a full term	32
5762248730	Nathan Bedford Forrest	Confederate cavalry leader who later became a founder of the Ku Klux Klan	33