AP US History Midterm Flashcards

5767184465	54 million	The population of the Americas in 1492, when the Europeans arrived	0
5767184466	Very bad	The best description of the treatment of Native Americans by the Conquistadors	1
5767184467	Jamestown	The settlement founded in the early 1600s that was the most consequential for the future United States	2
5767184468	exporting agricultural; tobacco; rice; slavery; cities; religious	The 4 major characteristics of the southern plantation colonies by 1750 were a devotion to _________ ____________ products (mainly _______ and ____), _______, slow growth of ______, and _________ toleration	3
5767184469	freedom of religion	Roger Williams, the founder of Rhode Island, established complete _______ __ ________.	4
5767184470	fair	The best description of Indian policy in early Pennsylvania was ____.	5
5767184471	South	The physical and social conditions of slavery were the harshest in the _____.	6
5767184472	Puritan Congregational Church Town Meeting	Thomas Jefferson described the _______ ______________ ______ ____ _______ (New Engand) as the best school of political liberty the world ever saw.	7
5767184473	South Carolina	In 1760, fearful of heavy concentrations of slaves, which colonial legislature unsuccessfully sought to halt the importation of slaves?	8
5767184474	Anglican; Congregational	In 1775, the ________ and ______________ churches were the only established (tax-supported) churches in colonial America.	9
5767184475	Ohio River Valley	The clash between Britain and France for control of North America began with a fight over the ____ _____ ______.	10
5767184476	fairly; eruption; uprising; settling	The Proclamation of 1763 designed to work out the Indian problem ______ and prevent another bloody ________ like Pontiac's ________ and to keep the colonists from ____.	11
5767184477	loosely	The Navigation Laws were _______ enforced in the colonies before 1763.	12
5767184478	Boston Port	The most drastic measure of the Intolerable Acts was the ______ ____ Act.	13
5767184479	August; 1775	King George III officially declared the colonies in rebellion in ______ of ____ (after the Battle of Bunker Hill)	14
5767184480	neutral	When it came to supporting the Revolution, most colonists were _______.	15
5767184481	House of Representatives	What was the 1 branch of the government directly elected by the people?	16
5767184482	Legislative	Anti-federalists thought the sovereignty of the people resided in which branch of the central government?	17
5767184483	No Bill of Rights	What was a major criticism of the Constitution, drafted in Philadelphia?	18
5767184484	protective tariffs	The aspect of Hamilton's financial program that received the least support in Congress was __________ _______.	19
5767184485	House of Representatives	Thomas Jefferson won the popular and electoral vote, a strange deadlock led to the election being decided where?	20
5767184486	federal power; interests	John Marshall helped ensure an increase of _______ _____ and _________ as chief justice of the United States.	21
5767184487	disunity	The War of 1812 was one of the worst fought wars in the United States History because of its widespread ________.	22
5767184488	American industry	The Tariff of 1816 was so important because it aimed to protect ________ ________.	23
5767184489	electoral votes; Republican	The House of Representative decided the 1824 election because no one won the most _________ _____ and there were 4 __________ candidates.	24
5767184490	southwest	Most early American settlers in Texas came from the __________.	25
5767184491	potato famine	The overwhelming event in Ireland in the 1840s was the ______ ______.	26
5767184492	Erie Canal	What began the canal era of American History?	27
5767184493	women('s) rights; feminization; religion	The main effects of the Second Great Awakening were _____'s ______ movements and the ____________ of ________.	28
5767184494	Mormon Religion	Originated in New York, original prophet was Joseph Smith, Utah, Book of Mormon, Brigham Young, polygamy are all related to the ______ ________.	29
5767184495	Harriet Beecher Stowe	Who wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin?	30
5767184496	mountain whites	The ________ ______ were the most pro-Union white southerners.	31
5767184497	Texas; California	The Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, which ended the Mexican War, confirmed the American title to _____ and __________.	32
5767184498	Mexican Cession	The largest single addition to American territory was the _______ _______.	33
5767184499	vote; territory	With "Popular Sovereignty", the question of slavery in the territories was to be settled by the ____ of the people in any given __________.	34
5767184500	gold; California	The discovery of ____ in __________ threatened to destroy the longstanding balance of free and slave states in the US Senate.	35
5767184501	California; balance	The South was growing increasingly worried about the future of slavery because the admission to __________ may tie the political _______ against them.	36
5767184502	property; honor	The issue of runaway slaves was of such importance because it was a loss of ________ and _____.	37
5767184503	homes; hide; escaping	The Underground Railroad consisted of networks of _____ that slaves could ____ in while ________.	38
5767184504	Nicaragua	What area, for a short time, did the American William Walker seize control of in the 1850s?	39
5767184505	Matthew Perry	The man who opened Japan to the United States was _______ _____.	40
5767184506	Atlantic; Pacific	The primary objective of Manifest Destiny expansionists in the 1850s was to spread from the ________ to the _______.	41
5767184507	secret Ostend Manifesto	The secret ______ _________ that was leaked to the ______ stopped the Pierce administration's plans to gain control of Cuba?	42
5767184508	transcontinental railroad	Most American leaders believed that the only way to keep the new Pacific Coast territories was to construct a ________________ ________.	43
5767184509	popular sovereignty	Senator Douglas proposed that the question of slavery be dealt with in the Kansas-Nebraska territory by _______ _______ ___________.	44
5767184510	slavery; constitutional; slave	In 1857, the Supreme Court decision in the Dred Scott case affected the Western territories by deciding that _______ would be ______________ in those areas that were already _____ territories.	45
5767184511	cruelty; slavery	Uncle Tom's Cabin showed people the _______ of _______.	46
5767184512	little woman; started; great war	President Lincoln described Harriet Beecher Stowe by saying "So you're the ______ _____ who wrote the book that _______ this _____ ___."	47
5767184513	help; South; support	The British and French governments concluded after Uncle Tom's Cabin gained a wide following in their countries that they couldn't ____ the _____ because their people wouldn't _______ it.	48
5767184514	slave	In 1855, proslavery southerners regarded Kansas as a _____ state.	49
5767184515	deeply divided	The clash between Preston S. Brooks and Charles Sumner revealed that the nation was ______ _______.	50
5767184516	nativists	The central plank of the Know-Nothing Party in the 1856 election was _________.	51
5767362167	anti-foreign; anti-immigrant	The nativists in the 1850s were known for being ____-_______ and ____-_________.	52
5767362168	lack; honesty; war	In part, the Republicans lost the 1856 election because of Fremont's ____ of _______, and the Southerners threatened to start a ___, so Northerner's didn't vote for him.	53
5767362169	Southerners	Who applauded the decision in the Dred Scott case?	54
5767362170	homestead; public land; away	In the North, the Panic of 1857 created calls for _________ of 160 acres of ______ ____ to be given ____.	55
5767362171	amature; president	The political career of Abraham Lincoln can best be described as _______ until he became ________.	56
5767362172	won; Senate seat	As a result of the Lincoln-Douglas debates, Douglas ___ the ______ ____.	57
5767362173	all rights; Declaration (of) Independence	Lincoln stated that he believed that the black race should have ___ ______ as stated in the ___________ of ____________.	58
5767362174	arsenal; weapons; slaves	John Brown intended to sieze an _______ of _______ and give them to ______ during his raid on Harpers Ferry.	59
5767362175	gangs; out	The South concluded that there were northern _____ trying to take them ___ after John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry.	60
5767362176	secede	The reaction of the people of South Carolina when Lincoln won the 1860 election was to ______.	61
5767362177	Montgomery, Alabama	Where the Confederate government was 1st organized?	62
5767362178	low; supplies; set out	Confederate batteries opened fire on Fort Sumter when they were ___ on ________ and had to ___ ___.	63
5767362179	Confederates; fire; Fort Sumter	In 1861, many Northerners were willing to allow Southern States to leave the Union until ____________ opened ____ on ____ ______.	64
5767362180	dubious legality	Lincoln used methods of _______ ________ in order to persuade the Border States to remain in the Union.	65
5767362181	Union; pro-slavery	Lincoln's declaration that the North sought to preserve the Union with or without slavery was meant for the people in the _____ who were ___-______.	66
5767362182	save; Union	Lincoln declared the purpose of the war at the beginning was to ____ the _____.	67
5767362183	fight; draw	In order to achieve its independence, the Confederacy had to _____ to a ____.	68
5767362184	high morale; locating; soldiers	As the Civil War began, what the South seemed to have the advantage in ____ ______, and at ________ better trained ________.	69
5767362185	lack; food; clothes	Of all the hardships faced by the soldiers in the Civil War, the greatest was the ____ of ____ and ______.	70
5767362186	economy	The greatest weakness of the South during the Civil War was the _______.	71
5767362187	economy	The North's greatest strength in the Civil War was the _______.	72
5767362188	discipline; determination	Northern soldiers eventually became known for their __________ and _____________.	73
5767362189	slavery; end	Most working people in Britain sided with the North because they believed that _______ would ___ if the North won.	74
5768012754	opposition; citizens	One reason that the British did not try to break the Union blockade of the South during the Civil War was that they forced __________ of the ________.	75
5768012755	cotton; economy	The South believed that the British would come to its aid because of ______, and therefore the _______.	76
5768012756	keep; out; bring; into	What was the role of diplomacy for the Union in the war was to ____ the British and French ___ of the war, and the Confederacy wanted to _____ the British and French ____ the war.	77
5768012757	Alabama	The Confederacy's most effective commerce raiding ship was the _______.	78
5768012758	president; popular; impeached	The Southern cause was weak because their _________ wasn't _______, and people wanted him _________.	79
5768012759	volunteers	To man its army, prior to 1863, the North relied on __________.	80
5768012760	standard bank note	The National Banking System was important because it established a ________ ____ ____.	81
5768012761	keeping; Union	At the beginning of the war, Lincoln favored _______ the ______ together.	82
5768012762	capture; Richmond	Lincoln hoped that a Union victory at Bull Run would result in the _______ of ________.	83
5768012763	long; enlistments; southern army	An unexpected result of the Southern victory at Bull Run was the realization that the war would be ____, and also that ___________ in the ________ ____ decreased.	84
5768012764	cautious	General George McClellan can best be described as ________.	85
5768012765	enemy outnumbered his men	The major mistake that McClellan consistently made was that he believed that the _____ ___________ ___ ___.	86
5768012766	Emancipation Proclamation	Lincoln made the political move to draft the ____________ ___________ after the Union loss during the Peninsula Campaign.	87
5768012767	border states; join	By invading Maryland, one of Lee's key objectives was to inspire ______ _____ to ____ the Confederacy.	88
5768012768	fired	After the Battle of Antietam, General McClellan was _____.	89
5768012769	Gettysburg; Antietam	The two major battles of the Civil War fought on Northern soil were the Battles of __________ and ________.	90
5768012770	intervention; Confederacy	The Battle of Antietam was critical for the North because it prevented British ____________ with the ___________.	91
5768012771	Emancipation Proclamation	The North's victory at Antietam allowed Lincoln to issue the ____________ ____________.	92
5768012772	13th Amendment	The ____ _________ legally abolished slavery in the United States.	93
5768012773	moral cause; Union	The Emancipation Proclamation strengthened the _____ _____ of the _____.	94
5768012774	soldiers	African-Americans served in the Union Army as ________.	95
5768012775	month; ended	The Confederacy enlisted slaves into its army a _____ before the war _____.	96
5768012776	victory; doomed	The Battle of Gettysburg was significant because the Union _______ made the Southern cause ______.	97
5768012777	Northern Peace Democrats	The group in the North most dangerous to Union cause was the ________ _____ ________.	98
5768012778	Copperhead	Clement L. Vallandigham was labeled as __________.	99
5768012779	Andrew Johnson	Lincoln's running mate in the 1864 election was ______ _______.	100
5768012780	George McClellan	The Democrats nominated ______ _________ to oppose Lincoln in the 1864 election.	101
5768379738	Atlanta and Mobile	Union victories in _______ and ______ were crucial to Lincoln's reelection in 1864.	102
5768379739	calamity	Ironically, Lincoln's assassination was a ________ for the South.	103
5768379740	pardoned; brief jail terms	The defeated Confederate leaders were all ________ in 1868 after _____ ____ _____.	104
5768379741	devastated	The economy in the South at the war's conclusion was totally __________.	105
5768379742	secession; correct	Many white Southerners believed that their view of _________ was _______ at the end of the Civil War.	106
5768379743	meddlesome federal agency; dominance	The white South viewed the Freedmen's Bureau as a __________ _______ ______ that threatened to upset white racial _________.	107
5768379744	meddlesome agency; killed	Johnson's view of the Freedmen's Bureau was a __________ ______ that should be ______.	108
5768379745	democrats; pro-union southerners	Johnson was put on Lincoln's ticket in the 1864 election because he would politically attract war _________ and ___-_____ ___________.	109
5768379746	champion; poor whites	As a politician, Johnson developed a reputation as a ________ of the ____ ______.	110
5768379747	readmission; states; Union	Lincoln promised rapid ___________ of Southern ______ into the _____ in the 10 Per Cent Plan for Reconstruction.	111
5768379748	swift restoration; southern states; basic conditions	Johnson's plan for Reconstruction was aimed at _____ __________ of the ________ ______ after a few _____ __________ were met.	112
5768379749	stable labor supply	The main purpose of the Black Codes was to ensure a ______ _____ ______.	113
5768379750	South; not won; war	The Black Codes seemed to indicate to many Northerners an arrogant _____ acting as if the North had ___ ___ the ___.	114
5768379751	citizenship; civil rights; free	The 14th Amendment guaranteed ___________ and _____ ______ to ____ slaves.	115
5768379752	soft treatment; white south	The root cause of the battle between President Johnson and Congress was Johnson's ____ _________ of the _____ _____.	116
5768379753	troops; removed	Radical Reconstruction of the South ended when the last of the federal ______ were _______ in 1877.	117
5768379754	15th	What was the last of the Reconstruction era amendments?	118
5768379755	legislation; needed reforms	The Radical Reconstruction state governments passed desirable ___________ and badly ______ _______.	119
5768379756	both; North; South	Political corruption was widespread across the nation during Reconstruction in ____ the _____ and _____.	120
5768379757	terrorist organization	The Ku Klux Klan can best be described as a _________ ____________.	121
5768379758	white; success; black	A primary motive for the formation of the Ku Klux Klan was _____ resentment of the _______ of _____ legislators.	122
5768379759	Secretary (of) War; Tenure (of) Office Act	The official charge the House used to impeach President Johnson was his dismissal of _________ of ___ (Stanton), contrary to the ______ of ______ ___.	123
5768379760	economic reforms; political	Reconstruction might have been more successful if Thaddeus Stevens' radical program of drastic ________ _______ and stronger protection of _________ rights had been enacted.	124