AP US History Crash Course: Period Five 1844-1877 Flashcards

6679048262	John O'Sullivan	coined the term Manifest Destiny; suggested that God had ordained the United States to expand westward	0
6679048263	Manifest Destiny	used to gain support for the territorial expansion in the Southwest and Mexico	1
6679048264	Andrew Jackson	opposed the admission of Texas into the Union though he favored territorial expansion	2
6679048265	Texas	divided over the issue of admitting another slave state into the Union	3
6679048266	James Polk	election of 1844; "fifty-four forty or fight" - promise to take all of the Oregon land under dispute between the US and Britain	4
6679048267	Mexican-American War	Polk believed that Mexican troops had illegally crossed into American territory and thus forced American bloodshed	5
6679048268	Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848)	ended the Mexican-American War; United States gained California and New Mexico and settled boundary dispute of Texas	6
6679048269	the Wilmot Proviso	called for prohibition of slavery in lands from Mexico; endorsed by legislatures and symbolized the issue of slavery expansion	7
6679048270	American Colonization Society (1817)	worked to return freed slaves to the west coast of Africa; led by middle-class evangelicals	8
6679048271	William Lloyd Garrison	editor of the radical abolitionist newspaper; founder of the American Anti-Slavery Society; wanted the immediate emancipation of slaves	9
6679048272	Frederick Douglass	prominent abolitionist; had his own publication, North Star; championed equal rights for women	10
6679048273	Sarah Moore Grimke	first woman to support abolition and equal rights	11
6679048274	the Compromise of 1850	California as a free state; abolition of slavery in DC; passage of more strict Fugitive Slave Act; territorial governments in New Mexico and Utah, immediate decision of slavery	12
6679048275	popular sovereignty	attempted to settle the question of whether it was legal to establish slavery in the Western territories; determined by those who lived there	13
6679048276	the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)	territory of Nebraska would be split into two territories; determination of slavery by inhabitants; repealed the Missouri Compromise; ignited a bloody contest and split the Democratic party	14
6679048277	the Dred Scott Case (1857)	was a slave and could not sue in federal court because slaves were property and could not be taken from their masters	15
6679048278	John Brown's Raid	Brown and followers seized a federal arsenal in Harpers Ferry; wanted to spur a slave revolt; he was executed and became a symbol of the abolitionist movement	16
6679048279	the Election of 1860	led by Lincoln who opposed the expansion of slavery; Democratic party was split; Lincoln won which influenced seven Southern states to succeed	17
6679048280	advantages of the North	railroad network; strong industrial base; superior navy; large population and food supply; and established, functioning government	18
6679048281	disadvantages of the North	shortage of experienced military commanders and a divided population	19
6679048282	advantages of the South	defensive war fought on home territory; coastline difficult to blockade; important cash crop (cotton); experienced military commanders; close economic relationship with Britain; and unified war aim	20
6679048283	disadvantages of the South	smaller population than the North; smaller industrial base than the North; and lack of diversified economy	21
6679048284	importance of the border states	strategic location; important industrial and agricultural resources	22
6679048285	border states	Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, and Delaware	23
6679048286	the Battle of the Antietam	Union victory persuaded England and France to remain neutral; allowed Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation	24
6679048287	the Emancipation Proclamation	did not want to antagonize slave owners in the border states; strengthened the Union's moral cause of ending slavery; did not free those in the border states, only those in the Confederacy	25
6679048288	the Transcontinental railroad	built by the Union Pacific Railroad and the Central Pacific Railroad	26
6679048289	Homestead Act of 1862	offering cheap land to people who would settle the West and improve their property	27
6679048290	13th Amendment	abolished slavery and involuntary servitude	28
6679048291	14th Amendment	declared former slaves as citizens and provided "equal protection of the laws"	29
6679048292	15th Amendment	provided suffrage for black males; supported by Frederick Douglass and opposed by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton	30
6679048293	causes of the Radical Reconstruction	former Confederates were elected to Congress; Black Codes enacted; race riots broke out; and attempts in the South to undermine the 14th amendment	31
6679048294	programs and policies of the Radical Reconstruction	military occupation of the South; Confederate leaders became policy; restrictions were placed on Andrew Johnson and impeached him	32
6679048295	achievements of the Radical Revolution	Freedmen's Bureau and African Americans were elected to the House and Senate	33
6679048296	freedman	entered sharecropping arrangements with former masters which led to a cycle of debt and depression; did not receive land	34
6679048297	the Panic of 1873	depression	35
6679048298	Black Codes	passed by Southern state legislatures and wanted to limit the opportunities to the blacks	36
6679048299	election of 1876	Tilden v. Hayes	37
6679048300	the Compromise of 1877	Democrats agreed that Hayes would win; ended Reconstruction	38