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AMSCO AP US History Chapter 5 Flashcards

AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 5 The American Revolution and Confederation, 1774-1787

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7338504398Intolerable ActsIn 1774, the British Parliament passed the Intolerable Acts, which intensified the conflict between the colonies and Great Britain. (p. 85)0
7338504399Patrick HenryRadical delegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress. Radical delegates were those demanding the greatest concessions from Great Britain. (p. 85)1
7338504400Samuel AdamsRadical delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress. He started Committees of Correspondence. (p. 85)2
7338504401John AdamsRadical delegate from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress. He had acted as a lawyer for British soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre. (p. 85)3
7338504402John DickinsonModerate delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress. He wrote "Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania". (p. 85)4
7338504403John JayConservative delegate from New York to the Continental Congress, favored a mild statement of protest. (p. 85)5
7338504404First Continental CongressIn September 1774, all of the colonies except Georgia sent delegates to a convention in Philadelphia. The purpose was to determine how the colonies should react to the threat to their rights and liberties caused by Intolerable Acts. (p. 85)6
7338504405Joseph GallowayConservative delegate from Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress. He proposed a plan that would have reordered relations with Parliament, but the plan lost by one vote. (p. 86)7
7338504406Suffolk ResolvesThe First Continental Congress adopted this statement. It rejected the Intolerable Acts and called for their repeal. It also urged the colonies to make military preparations and organize boycotts against British goods. (p. 86)8
7338504407Declaration for Rights and GrievancesThe First Continental Congress passed this resolutions urging the king to make right colonial grievances and restore colonial rights. (p. 86)9
7338504408economic sanctionsIn September 1774, the First Continental Congress created the Continental Association, a network of committees to enforce the economic sanctions of the Suffolk Resolves. (p. 86)10
7338504409Second Continental CongressIn May 1775, representatives met in Philadelphia. They adopted the Declaration of the Causes and Necessities for Taking Up Arms. In July 1775 they sent the Olive Branch Petition to King George III. (p. 87)11
7338504410Olive Branch PetitionIn July 1775, the Second Continental Congress tried a last effort for peace. Colonists pledged their loyalty and asked the king to go to Parliament to secure peace and protect their colonial rights. (p. 87)12
7338504411Declaration of the Causes and Necessities for Taking Up ArmsIn May 1775, in Philadelphia, delegates to the Sencond Continental Congress met. This declaration called on all colonies to provide troops to the central government. (p. 87, 128)13
7338504412Thomas JeffersonIn 1776, he was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence. (p. 88)14
7338504413Declaration of IndependenceThis declaration, written by Thomas Jefferson, declared independence and expressed the basic principles of the American revolution. It was ratified on July 4, 1776. (p. 88)15
7338504414George WashingtonModerate delegate from Virginia to the Continental Congress. In 1775, at the Second Continental Congress he was appointed commander-in chief of a new colonial army and sent to Boston to lead the Massachusetts militia and volunteer units from other colonies. He later became the first president of the United States. (p. 88-89)16
7338504415Land Ordinance of 1785A policy that established surveying and selling of western lands. It was part of the Articles of Confederation. (p. 93)17
7338504416Northwest Ordinance of 1787Created the Northwest Territory (area north of the Ohio River and west of Pennsylvania), established conditions for creating new states. Granted limited self-government and prohibited slavery in the region. (p. 93)18
7338504417Paul RevereHe warned the militia that the British were coming along with William Dawes at the Battle of Lexington and Concord. (p. 86)19
7338504418William DawesWarned the militia that the British were coming along with Paul Revere at the Battle of Lexington and Concord. (p. 86)20
7338504419LexingtonOn April 18, 1775 British soldiers in Boston marched to this town to seize colonial military supplies. This is where the first shot of the Revolutionary War was fired. (p. 86)21
7338504420ConcordAfter the British had marched to Lexington, they marched on to this town to destroy colonial military supplies. (p. 86)22
7338504421Battle of Bunker HillOn June 17, 1775 a colonial militia lost this battle to British on the outskirts of Boston. However, the British suffered heavy casualties in this first true battle of the Revolutionary War. (p. 87)23
7338504422Battle of SaratogaIn October 1777, General John Burgoyne's British forces were defeated by American Generals Horatio Gates and Benedict Arnolds army. This was a turning point of the war because it led to the French joining the war against Great Britain. (p. 90)24
7338504423George Rogers ClarkIn 1778-1789, he led the capture of series of British forts in the Illinois country. (p. 90)25
7338504424Battle of YorktownIn 1781, the last major battle of the Revolutionary War was fought on the shores of Chesapeake Bay. Supported by French naval and military forces, Washington's army forced the surrender of a large British army commanded by General Charles Cornwallis. (p. 90)26
7338504425Articles of ConfederationAdopted by Congress in 1777, it created a central government with limited powers. In 1788, it was was replaced by the Constitution. (p. 91)27
7338504426unicameral LegislatureThe Articles of Confederation established a central government that consisted of just one body, a Congress. In this unicameral (one-house) legislature, each state was given one vote, with at least 9 of 13 votes required to pass important laws. (p. 92)28
7338504427absolute monarchAlthough France had this kind of government, King Louis XVI decided to help the colonies succeed in their rebellion in order to weaken Great Britain. (p. 90)29
7338504428Prohibitory ActIn August 1775, Britain's King George III agreed to this act passed by Parliament, and declared the colonies were in rebellion. (p. 87)30
7338504429Treaty of ParisIn 1783, this treaty between Britain and the United States brought an end to the Revolutionary War. It stated that: 1. Britain would recognize the existence of the US. 2. The Mississippi River would be the western border of the US. 3. Americans would have fishing rights off the coast of Canada. 4. Americans would pay debts owed to British merchants and honor Loyalist claims for property confiscated during the war. (p. 91)31
7338504430Thomas Paine; Common SenseIn January 1776, Thomas Paine wrote this pamphlet that argued in clear and forceful language that the colonies should break with Britain. (p. 88)32
7338504431PatriotsMost of these soldiers came from New England or Virginia and wanted freedom for the colonies. (p. 88)33
7338504432Loyalists (Tories)The pro-British Loyalists, the majority of this group tended to be wealthy and conservative and many were clergy and government officials. (p. 89)34
7338504433MinutemenThe colonial militia. (p. 86)35
7338504434ContinentalsPaper money issued by Congress which became almost worthless due to inflation. (p. 90)36
7338504435Abigail AdamsShe was the wife of John Adams. During the Revolutionary War, she wrote letters to her husband describing life on the homefront. She urged her husband to remember America's women in the new government he was helping to create. (p. 94)37
7338504436Deborah SampsonAt the age of 21, she dressed up as a man in order to fight in the Revolutionary War. (p. 94)38
7338504437Valley ForgeWashington's troops spent the harsh winter of 1777-1778 here after losing Philadelphia to the British. (p. 89)39
7338504438Mary McCauley (Molly Pitcher)Also know as Molly Pitcher, she carried water to soldiers during the Battle of Monmouth Court House and took over her husband's gun when he was overcome by heat. (p. 94)40
7338504439Shay's RebellionDaniel Shays led other farmers in this uprising against high state taxes, imprisonment for debt, and lack of paper money. (p. 93)41
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