AP US History Chapter 21 terms Flashcards

9269367070	American Exceptionalism	The idea that the American experience was different or unique from others, and therefore America had a unique or special role in the world, such as a "city upon a hill."	0
9269367071	"Remember the Maine"	A slogan of the Spanish-American war referring to the sinking of a battleship in Cuba. Stirred up by yellow journalism, this lead McKinley to declare war.	1
9269367072	Teller Amendment	Legislation that promised the US would not annex Cuba after winning the Spanish-American war.	2
9269367073	Insular Cases	A series of Supreme Court cases from 1901-1903 in which the SC ruled that constitutional rights (citizenship) were not automatically extended to territorial possessions. It decided that the power of whether or not to grant Constitutional rights (citizenship) to territories belonged to Congress.	3
9269367074	Platt Amendment	A rider to the Army Appropriations Bill of 1901, it specified the conditions under which the U.S. could intervene in Cuba's internal affairs, and provided that Cuba could not make a treaty with another nation that might impair its independence. Its provisions where later incorporated into the Cuban Constitution.	4
9269367075	open door policy	A policy proposed by the US in 1899, under which ALL nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China. US Secretary of State John Hay , fearing being shut out, sent those powers a note in 1899 claiming the right of equal trade	5
9269367076	Root-Takahira Agreement	Agreement between Japan and America in which they pledged to respect each other's terratorial claims in the Pacific and also maintained an "open door" policy for trade with China It confirmed principles of free oceanic commerce and recognizing Japan's authority over Manchuria	6
9269367077	Panama Canal	(TR) , The United States built this to have a quicker passage to the Pacific from the Atlantic and vice versa. It cost $400,000,000 to build. Columbians would not let Americans build it, but then with the assistance of the United States a Panamanian Revolution occurred. The new ruling people allowed the United States to build the it.	7
9269367078	Roosevelt Corollary	Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force actually turned the monroe doctrine upside down : instead of US protecting its neighbors from Europe and help them preserve their independence, it asserted the US's unrestricted right to to regulate Caribbean affairs was not a treaty but a unilateral declaration sanctioned only by America's military economic might	8
9269367079	Zimmerman telegram	German Arthur Zimmerman sent a telegram to the German minister in Mexico City telling him to promise the Mexican President German help if Mexico went to war with the U.S. the telegram was intercepted and decoded by the British, shocked the American public.	9
9269367080	War Industries Board	This government agency oversaw the production of all American factories during WWI. It determined priorities, allocated raw materials, and fixed prices; it told manufacturers what they could and could not produce.	10
9269367081	National War Labor Board	A federal agency founded in 1918 that established an eight-hour day for war workers (with time-and-a-half pay for overtime), endorsed equal pay for women, and supported workers' right to organize.	11
9269367082	Committee on Public Information	It was headed by George Creel. The purpose of this committee was to mobilize people's minds for war, both in America and abroad. Tried to get the entire U.S. public to support U.S. involvement in WWI. Creel's organization, employed some 150,000 workers at home and oversees. He proved that words were indeed weapons. April 1917 Wilson formed this - a government propaganda agency headed by George Creel	12
9269367083	Four-Minute Men	Name given to thousands of volunteers enlisted by the Committee on Public Information to deliver short prowar speeches at movie theaters, as part of an effort to galvanize public support for the war and suppress dissent.	13
9269367084	Sedition Act of 1918	Wartime law that prohibited any words or behavior that might promote resistance to the United States or help in the cause of its enemies.	14
9269367085	Great Migration	Beginning during World War I, the movement of millions of African Americans from the rural South to cities in the North and Midwest in order to take jobs in industry.	15
9269367086	National Woman's Party	Political party founded in 1916 that fought for an Equal Rights Amendment to the U. S. Constitution in the early 20th century. headed by Alice Paul	16
9269367087	Fourteen Points	President Woodrow Wilson's 1918 plan for peace after World War I; at the Versailles peace conference, however, he failed to incorporate all of the points into the treaty. The Allies chose to base the talk on his ......................... - a blue print for peace that he presented a year earlier in a speech to congress	17
9269367088	League of Nations	A world organization established in 1920 to promote international cooperation and peace. It was first proposed in 1918 by President Woodrow Wilson, although the United States never joined the League. Essentially powerless, it was officially dissolved in 1946.	18
9269367089	Treaty of Versailles	1919 treaty that officially ended World War I; the immense penalties it placed on Germany are regarded as one of the causes of World War II.	19
9269367090	Theodore Roosevelt	1858-1919. 26th President. Increased size of Navy, "Great White Fleet". Added Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine. "Big Stick" policy. Received Nobel Peace Prize for mediation of end of Russo-Japanese war. Later arbitrated split of Morocco between Germany and France.	20
9269367091	Alfred Mahan	American Naval officer and historian. He is most famous for his book "The Influence of Sea Power on History" which defined Naval strategy. His philosophies had a major influence on the Navies of many nations resulting in a igniting of naval races between countries.	21
9269367092	Queen Liliuokalani	Hawaiian Ruler, who called for new constitution to increase the monarch's power and restore political power to Hawaiians. 1893 she was overthrown by American businessman Sanford Dole.	22
9269367093	Emilio Aguinaldo	Leader of the Filipino independence movement against Spain (1895-1898). He proclaimed the independence of the Philippines in 1899, but his movement was crushed and he was captured by the United States Army in 1901.	23
9269367094	Porfirio Diaz	President of Mexico Mad American now backing up Francisco Madero - an advocate of constitutional government 1911 Madero forced ................ to resign and made himself prez	24
9269367095	Woodrow Wilson	28th president of the United States, known for World War I leadership, created Federal Reserve, Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act, progressive income tax, lower tariffs, women's suffrage (reluctantly), Treaty of Versailles, sought 14 points post-war plan, League of Nations (but failed to win U.S. ratification), won Nobel Peace Prize. formed the Committee on Public Information (CPI) - a government propaganda agency headed by George Creel	25
9269367096	Herbert Hoover	A republican, emerged from the war as one of the nation's most admired public figures Led the most successful wartime agency (the Food Administration) created in August 1917, he convinced farmers to nearly double their acreage: slogan " Food will win the war"	26
9269367097	Alice Paul	Head of the National Woman's party that campaigned for an equal rights amendment to the Constitution. She opposed legislation protecting women workers because such laws implied women's inferiority. Most condemned her way of thinking.	27