AP World History (Period 1) Flashcards

9870487825	Mesopotamia	"land between the rivers", area of arable land between the Tigris and Euphrates devloped by 5000 BCE	0
9870491901	Mesopotamia	The Sumerians, Babylonians, and Persians were all based around this region that included the Fertile Crescent	1
9870500725	Bureaucratic Government	Way of organizing government by departments so that each department can specialize and stabilize, most notably in the Zhou Dynasty	2
9870507214	Bronze Age	Age defined by the latter part of the neolithic age where people found out how to use its namesake metal	3
9870513810	Polis	Structure of city-states in Ancient Greek; composed of its own individual governments and identities	4
9870520811	Code of Hammurabi	Series of social codes developed by this namesake person of Babylon; first step toward modern legal codes	5
9870527435	Mandate of Heaven	Way that Chinese Emperors would gain power; power could only be retained by the will of the gods	6
9870539902	Olmecs	Ancient Mexican Civilization that favored polytheism, sophisticated farming, and a system of writing; DID NOT develop in a river valley	7
9870545332	Chavin	Ancient Andes Civilization that favored polytheism, sophisticated farming, and a system of writing; DID NOT develop in a river valley	8
9870556088	City States	Early civilizations made up of an urban center and arable land surrounding it; independent of its own neighbors although some combined because of similar cultural identities	9
9870566144	Caste System	System of social hierarchy first developed by the Aryans	10
9870573598	Hebrews	These namesake people were the first believers of Judaism, a monotheistic religion based in Palestine. Enjoyed religious freedom under the Persians	11
9870586541	Cuneiform	Form of writing developed by the Sumerians, recorded laws, treaties, social life, and customs. Spread through trade routes	12
9870593768	Hieroglyphics	Writing system developed by Ancient Egyptians consisting of pictures	13
9870598684	Hinduism	Religions that developed in India that is both religious and a social system; Brahma is the creator and every other gods are just manifestations of Brahma	14
9870612168	Judaism	Religion originally practiced by Hebrews where they believe Hebrew's are God's chosen people; not only a religion but also a set of customs	15
9870622729	Torah	Book by which the Jewish followed, consists of the 5 books of the Old Testament	16
9870626148	Neolithic Revolution	Time Period where groups of people transitioned from a nomadic lifestyle to a farming and city lifestyle. Also known as the Agricultural Revolution	17
9870845312	Shang Dynasty	Earliest recorded Chinese Dynasty that had a monopoly on bronze, a well-armed military, and utilized oracle bones	18
9870868718	Silk	Luxury good first produced in the Shang Dynasty produced by its namesake worm	19
9870884000	Zhou Dynasty	Chinese dynasty that succeeded the Shang Dynasty; first to use the Mandate of Heaven when they overthrew the Shang Dynasty	20
9870899189	Yellow River Civilization	Civilization based around its namesake river, also referred to as the Huang He; nicknamed "China's Sorrow". First to organize public life with its legendary founder, Yu	21
9870912406	Varnas	Social classes originally formed around skin color in the caste system	22
9870916749	Brahmins	Priests of the caste system	23
9870916750	Kshatriyas	Warriors and aristocrats of the caste system	24
9870919992	Vaishyas	Cultivators, artisans, and merchants of the caste system	25
9870923790	Shudras	Landless peasants and serfs of the caste system	26
9870927091	Untouchables	Social class that did all of the unpleasant tasks in the caste system	27
9870937432	Vedas	Ancient Hindu text written in Sanskrit that were a collection of songs handed down to Brahmins	28
9870944769	Aryans	Pastoral nomads who migrated south and established communities in Northern India; replaced Harappan civilization; had horses	29
9870958855	Indus River Civilization	Civilization of complex gridded cities based around its namesake river. Clear evidence of long-distance trade with other civilizations around 2500 BCE	30
9870973749	Phoenicians	Civilizations in the Eastern Mediterranean and Lebanon, seafaring traders that spread its namesake dialect influencing Latin	31
9870992766	Patriarchy	Way that gender was organized in Ancient Civilizations, here these people dominated public life as evidence in the Code of Hammurabi	32
9871002661	Iron	Tool used by the Assyrians to conquer Mesopotamia; spread through cultural diffusion	33
9871008488	Assyrian Empire	Empire that took over Mesopotamia, Syria, Palestine, Anatolia, and most of Egypt with its standardized military units	34
9871026889	Nile River Civilization	Civilization that began in 5500 BCE but was united under King Menes where women were given much more rights than other ancient civilizations. Also had a complex architecture, 365 Calendar, and irrigation since its namesake river was predictable	35
9871066421	Bantu Migrations	Movement of these people across Africa from 3000 BCE to 500 CE. Shared one of the first common cultures of Africa and possessed Iron Metallurgy	36
9871086377	Jericho	One of the world's first neolithic cities	37
9871096698	Paleolithic Age	Oldest age of human history; organized by clans (chiefdoms) where men hunted and women gathered	38