AP World History Strayer Chapter 4 Vocabulary Flashcards

7349890583	Legalism	Definition: Chinese Philosophy distinguished by clear laws with vigorous consequences. Significance: Rulers and governments used to control the people and had laws for the people.	0
7349890584	Confucianism	Definition: Chinese Philosophy first enunciated by Confucius. The moral example of superiors. (Education is key). Significance: First body of thought followed as a cultural belief rather than a religion. (Meant to unite China after warring time.)	1
7349890585	Ban Zhao	Definition: Female Confucian author of Han Dynasty China. Significance: Works gave insight into implication of China thinking for women.	2
7349890586	Daoism	Definition: (opposite of Confucianism) Education was useless and urged unification into the world of nature. Governs all natural phenomenon. Significance: Provided ideology to peasant rebellions (Yellow Turban Rebellion). Better than being sad about education. Shaped ordinary people.	3
7349890587	Vedas	Definition: Earliest Religious text of India. Collection of poems, hymns, and rituals. Significance: Lead to religions such as Buddhism and Hinduism.	4
7349890588	Upanishads	Definition: Mystical, philosophical works that developed in response to dissatisfaction with Brahmins. Significance: Gave way to introspective thinking. "Brahman"- world soul. Escape from earth and gods.	5
7349890589	Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha)	Definition: Indian prince who founded Buddhism. Significance: Teached Buddhism as "Enlightened one", reflecting on being selfless with no material wants. Focusing on self and morals.	6
7349890590	Theravada/Mahayana	Definition: "Teachings of elders", early form of Buddhism that portrayed the Buddha as a wise teacher, but not divine. Significance: Emphasized practices rather than beliefs.	7
7349890591	Bhagavad Gita	Definition: A great Hindu epic text. (part of the much larger Mahabharata). Significance: Affirmed the performance of caste duties as a path of religious liberation. (reason to do caste duties.)	8
7349890593	Judaism	Definition: (Hebrews) History recorded in Torah (old testament in Bible) Monotheistic religion. Emphasizing sole personal god: Yahweh with concerns for social justice. Significance: Foundation of Christianity and Islam. Big part in Israel and Palestine conflicts of the world due to failure of assimilation.	9
7349890594	Greek Rationalism	Definition: Secularizing system of scientific, philosophic thought that developed in classical Greek. Significance: Emphasized the power of education, and human reason to understanding the world in non-religious terms. Stepped away from supernatural reasoning.	10
7349890595	Socrates, Plato, Aristotle	Definition: 3 different philosophers who believed in reason and rational thought (Students of each other). Significance: Rationalism appearance. Turning Rationalism toward questions of human existence.	11
7349890596	Jesus of Nazareth	Definition: He came from a lower class family, taught lessons to large crowds and performed miracles. Saviour of Christians. Significance: The New Testament in the bible. Christianity is still a major religion today.	12
7349890597	Saint Paul	Definition: 1st great popularizer of Christianity. Significance: Spread Christianity and taught it after Jesus. Convinced people why it was good and needed.	13
7349890598	Church of the East	Definition: Branch of the church in Persia and active in missions to reject China the chalcedonian creed on the grounds that it did not accurately affirm the human nature of Jesus. Significance: Spreading of this segment of Christianity. Allowed different forms (even religions) to take shape because of this.	14
7349890599	Perpetua	Definition: Christian Martyr from an upper class Roman family in Carthage. Significance: She refused to renounce her faith and made her an inspiration for other early Christians who were prosecuted.	15
7349892087	moksha	unity between the individual soul and world soul; part of Hinduism	16
7349893015	nirvana	Buddhist term meaning freedom from the "painful" cycle of rebirth (samsara)	17