AP Biology: Population Ecology Flashcards

9433307109	population	A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area	0
9433307110	age structure	Percentage of the population (or number of people of each sex) at each age level in a population.	1
9433307111	population density	Number of individuals per unit area	2
9433307112	exponential growth	Growth of a population in an ideal, unlimited environment, represented by a J-shaped curve when population size is plotted over time.	3
9433307113	carrying capacity	Largest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support	4
9433307114	density dependent	factor that limits population growth and has greater effect in dense populations than less dense populations	5
9433307115	density independent	limiting factor that affects all populations in similar ways, regardless of population size	6
9433307116	limiting factor	Any biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the existence, numbers, reproduction, or distribution of organisms.	7
9433307117	logistic growth	When limiting factors restrict size of population to the carrying capacity of the environment. Forms an S-shaped curve.	8
9433307118	k-selected species	Species that produce a few, often fairly large offspring but invest a great deal of time and energy to ensure that most of those offspring reach reproductive age.	9
9433307119	r-selected species	Life history traits maximize reproductive success in uncrowded environments. Many small offspring that mature quickly, little if any parental care.	10
9433307121	survivorship curve	a graph showing the decline in numbers of a cohort over time	11
9433307124	Population Distribution	How individuals in a population are spaced out across the range.	12
9433307125	Growth Rate	This determines whether the size of the population increases, decreases, or stays the same.	13
9433307127	1) Birth Rate 2) Death Rate 3) Immigration 4) Emigration	4 Factors that Affect Population Growth?	14
9433307131	Immigration	The movement of individuals INTO an area. This can cause a population to grow.	15
9433307132	Emigration	The movement of individuals OUT of an area. This can cause a population to decrease in size.	16
9433307140	Density dependent factors	1) Competition 2) Predation 3) Parasitism and Disease 4) Stress from overcrowding	17
9433307141	competition	Organisms fight for water, space, sunlight, and other resources. Increases as population size increases.	18
9433307143	Density independent factors	1) Weather 2) Natural Disaster 3) Seasons 4) Human Activities	19