AP Biology Ch 17: Biotechnology Flashcards
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| 8692834749 | Recombinant DNA | DNA produced by combining DNA from different sources |  | 0 |
| 8692834750 | Biotechnology | A form of technology that uses living organisms, usually genes, to modify products, to make or modify plants and animals, or to develop other microorganisms for specific purposes. |  | 1 |
| 8692834751 | Plasmids | Small rings of DNA found naturally in some bacterial cells in addition to the main bacterial chromosome. Can contain genes for antibiotic resistance, or other "contingency" functions. |  | 2 |
| 8692834752 | Gene Cloning | The production of multiple copies of a gene. |  | 3 |
| 8692834753 | Restriction enzymes | Enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides |  | 4 |
| 8692834754 | Sticky end | A single-stranded end of a double-stranded DNA restriction fragment. |  | 5 |
| 8692834755 | DNA Ligase | A linking enzyme essential for DNA replication; catalyzes the covalent bonding of the 3' end of a new DNA fragment to the 5' end of a growing chain. |  | 6 |
| 8692834756 | Ti Plasmid | Plasmid that infects plants- can carry new genes into mature plants cells | 7 | |
| 8692834757 | Gene gun | Gun that shoots gold particles with plasmids attached- way to get genes into plant cells where Ti plasmid doesn't work, like wheat and corn |  | 8 |
| 8692834758 | polymerase chain reaction (PCR) | A method of producing thousands of copies of DNA segment using the enzyme DNA polymerase |  | 9 |
| 8692834759 | gel electrophoresis | Procedure used to separate and analyze DNA fragments by placing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of a porous gel and applying an electrical voltage to the gel. Larger fragments move slower, DNA moves towards positive charge because DNA is negative |  | 10 |
| 8692834762 | Genetic profile | An individual's unique set of genetic markers, detected most often today by PCR or, previously, by electrophoresis and nucleic acid probes. |  | 11 |