AP Biology - Cell Cycle Flashcards

6005373078	G1 Phase	Primary growth phase of the cell	0
6005373079	S Phase	Phase where genome is replicated	1
6005373080	G2 Phase	Preparation made for separation of genomes; organelles replicate, chromosomes condense, microtubules assemble	2
6005373081	Interphase	Collective name for G1, S, and G2 Phases	3
6005373084	Sister Chromatids	The two identical copies formed by the replication of a single chromosome, joined by centromere	4
6005373085	Centromere	Links sister chromatids	5
6005373086	Kinetochore	Protein disk bound to specific DNA sequence at centromere	6
6005373087	Mitotic Phase	Includes both mitosis and cytokinesis	7
6005373088	Mitotic Spindle	Consists of fibers made of microtubules and associated proteins	8
6005373089	Centrosome	Subcellular region containing material that functions through the cell cycle to organize the cell's microtubules	9
6005373090	Prophase	Chromatin fibers condense into chromosomes, mitotic spindle begins to form, centromeres move away from each other	10
6005373091	Prometaphase	Nuclear envelope fragments, Each of the two chromatids now has kinetochore, some microtubules attach to kinetochores	11
6005373092	Metaphase	Centrosomes at opposite poles of the cell, Chromosomes convene at metaphase plate	12
6005373093	Anaphase	Beginning when sister chromatids separate from each other and ending when a complete set of daughter chromosomes have arrived at each of the two poles of the cell	13
6005373094	Telophase	Two daughter nuclei form in the cell, nuclear envelope forms	14
6005373095	G1 Checkpoint	Most important checkpoint; if cell receives go-ahead signal, the the cell continues with the cell; in the absence of the go-ahead signal, cell exits the cell cycle and enter the G0 phase	15
6005373096	M Checkpoint	Cell in mitosis receives a stop signal when any of its chromosomes are not attached to spindle fibers	16