AP Biology Photosynthesis and Cell Resp. Flashcards

8347352789	Photosynthesis	Making food for a plant, takes place in chloroplast	0
8347352790	Photosynthesis Formula	(in the presence of sunlight) water + carbon dioxide ----> oxygen + glucose	1
8347352791	Glucose	Sugar (food) made during photosynthesis	2
8347352796	Cellular Respiration	Breaking down glucose (food) in the presence of oxygen to make ATP	3
8347352797	Cellular Respiration Location	Cytoplasm/Mitochondria	4
8347352798	Cellular Respiration Formula	Oxygen + Glucose -----> Carbon dioxide + Water and producing ATP	5
8347352799	Process uses water	Photosynthesis	6
8347352800	Process gives off water	Cellular respiration	7
8347352805	Location of Photosynthesis	Chloroplast stroma and thylakoid	8
8347352810	Glycolysis, Kreb Cycle, and Electron Transport Chain	The 3 steps of Cell Respiration	9
8347352811	Light Dependent Reaction and Calvin Cycle	The 2 Steps of Photosynthesis	10
8347352812	endergonic	A chemical reaction that requires the input of energy in order to proceed.	11
8347352813	exergonic	Energy stored in the chemical bonds released	12
8347352814	metabolism	All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism	13
8347352815	activation energy	Energy needed to get a reaction started	14
8347352816	ATP	(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work	15
8347352817	cellular respiration	Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen	16
8347352818	mitochondrial matrix	The compartment of the mitochondrion enclosed by the inner membrane and containing enzymes and substrates for the citric acid cycle.	17
8347352819	cristae	Infoldings of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion that houses the electon transport chain and the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP.	18
8347352820	glycolysis	A metabolic process that breaks down carbohydrates and sugars through a series of reactions to either pyruvic acid or lactic acid and release energy for the body in the form of ATP	19
8347352821	link reaction	CO2 is removed from pyruvate and NADH is produced to make Acetyl-CoA	20
8347352822	pyruvate	Organic compound with a backbone of three carbon atoms. Two molecules form as end products of glycolysis	21
8347352823	Krebs cycle	second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions	22
8347352824	electron transport chain	A sequence of electron carrier molecules (membrane proteins) that shuttle electrons during the redox reactions that move protons (H+) across the membrane.	23
8347352825	ATP synthase	Large protein that uses energy from H+ ions to bind ADP and a phosphate group together to produce ATP	24
8347352826	FADH2	Electron carrier produced during the Krebs cycle.	25
8347352827	NADH	An energy-carrying coenzyme produced by glycolysis and the Krebs cycle. NADH carries energy to the electron transport chain.	26
8347352828	photosynthesis	Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy.	27
8347352829	stomata	Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move	28
8347352830	guard cell	Pairs of cells that surround stomata and control their opening and closing.	29
8347352831	xylem	The vascular tissue through which water and nutrients move in plants	30
8347352832	phloem	The vascular tissue through which sugars move in plants	31
8347352833	chloroplast	(in green plant cells) a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.	32
8347352834	chlorophyll	Green pigment in plants that absorbs light energy used to carry out photosynthesis	33
8347352835	Calvin cycle	reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugars	34