AP Biology Unit 4.2 - DNA Structure Flashcards

9000374256	DNA	A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.	0
9000374257	Chromatin	Uncondensed complex of DNA and histone proteins found during interphase of the cell cycle.	1
9000374258	Chromosome	Condensed complex of DNA and histone proteins found during mitosis of the cell cycle.	2
9000374259	Gene	A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific protein/trait	3
9000374260	Nucleic Acid	Class of biological macromolecules composed of the elements C, H, N, O, and P that carries genetic information. (DNA and RNA are examples)	4
9000374261	Deoxyribonucleic Acid	DNA stands for	5
9000374262	Ribonucleic Acid	RNA stands for	6
9000374263	Double-Helix	The shape of DNA; two strands of nucleotides wound about each other	7
9000374264	Sugar-Phosphate Backbone	The alternating chain of sugar and phosphate to which the DNA and RNA nitrogenous bases are attached; forms the sides of the DNA "ladder"	8
9000374265	Nucleotide	A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.	9
9000374266	Deoxyribose	A five-carbon sugar that is a component of DNA nucleotides	10
9000374267	Ribose	A five-carbon sugar present in RNA	11
9000374268	Nitrogenous Bases	Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil: a component of DNA nucleotides	12
9000374269	Purines	Nitrogenous bases with a double-ring structure (adenine and guanine).	13
9000374270	Adenine	The base that pairs with Thymine in DNA	14
9000374271	Guanine	The base that pairs with Cytosine in DNA	15
9000374272	Pyrimidines	Nitrogenous bases with a single-ring structure (cytosine, thymine, and uracil).	16
9000374273	Cytosine	The base that pairs with Guanine in DNA	17
9000374274	Thymine	The base that pairs with Adenine in DNA	18
9000374275	Uracil	Nitrogen base that pairs with adenine in RNA (replaces thymine).	19