AP Biology Chapter 53 Flashcards
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| 7414753219 | Density | the number of individuals per unit area or volume | 0 | |
| 7414753220 | Dispersion | the pattern of spacing of those individuals | 1 | |
| 7414753221 | Mark-Recapture Method | A sampling technique used to estimate wildlife populations. | 2 | |
| 7414753222 | Immigration | Migration to a new location | 3 | |
| 7414753223 | Emigration | Migration from a location | 4 | |
| 7414753224 | Clumping Distribution | aggregrate in noticeable but irregular groups (schools of fish, flocks of birds, fungi) | 5 | |
| 7414753225 | Uniform Distribution | Distribution where populations are spaced evenly (plant/animals) | 6 | |
| 7414753226 | Random Distribution | spacing between individuals is irregular (dandelions)- not common in nature | 7 | |
| 7414753227 | Demography | the scientific study of population characteristics (what affect population size over time) | 8 | |
| 7414753228 | Life Table | An age-specific summary of the survival pattern of a population. | 9 | |
| 7414753229 | Cohort | A group of individuals of the same age of the same population | 10 | |
| 7414753230 | Survivorship Curve | shows the number of proportion of members of a cohort still alive at each age | 11 | |
| 7414753231 | Survivorship Curve Type I | Low mortality during early age and middle age and a rapid increase with old age (humans) |  | 12 |
| 7414753232 | Survivorship Curve Type II | Death is relatively constant throughout the life span (squirrels) |  | 13 |
| 7414753233 | Survivorship Curve Type III | has high initial mortality with the few offspring that survive likely to reach adulthood (oysters) |  | 14 |
| 7414753234 | Reproductive Table | an age-specific summary of the reproductive rates in a population | 15 | |
| 7414753235 | Zero Population Growth | occurs when the birth rate equals the death rate | 16 | |
| 7414753236 | Exponential Population Growth | The geometric increase of a population as it grows in an ideal, unlimited environment. (unlimited food, no competition or predators, can reproduce as they want) | 17 | |
| 7414753237 | Carrying Capacity (K) | Largest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support | 18 | |
| 7414753238 | Logistic Population Growth | Population growth that levels off as population size approaches carrying capacity. | 19 | |
| 7414753239 | Life History | Traits that affect an organism's schedule of reproduction and survival. (age of sexual maturation, how often produce, # of offspring during each event) | 20 | |
| 7414753240 | Semelparity | Big-bang reproduction, once, survival rate of offspring low, many produced at once, individuals die less afterwards, less stable environments (salmon, octopus) | 21 | |
| 7414753241 | Iteroparity | Repeated reproduction, adults produce large number of offspring many times over years, more stable environments, provide better for offspring | 22 | |
| 7414753242 | Density Independent | a birth rate or a death rate that does not change as population density changes (population doesn't matter) (natural disasters) | 23 | |
| 7414753243 | Density Dependent | if death rate rises with increasing population density, the birth rate is dependent if it falls with increasing population density (population does matter) (predation, disease, competition, territoriality, waste accumulation, physiological factors) | 24 | |
| 7414753244 | Population Dynamics | the study of the variations in population size and the biotic and abiotic factors that cause them | 25 | |
| 7414753245 | Metapopulation | a group of populations occupying separated suitable habitats may be linked through immigration and emigration | 26 | |
| 7414753246 | Demographic Transition | change in a population from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates | 27 | |
| 7414753247 | Age Structure | number of males and females of each age in a population | 28 | |
| 7414753248 | Ecological Footprint | measure of human impact on Earth's ecosystems. It's typically measured in area of wilderness or amount of natural capital consumed each year. | 29 | |
| 7414985593 | Population | group of individuals of a single species living in same general area- rely on same resources, influenced by same environment factors, high likely hood of interacting and breeding | 30 | |
| 7414994968 | Natality | birthrate | 31 | |
| 7415048009 | K-selection (density-dependent) | Selection for life history traits that are sensitive to population density (humans, elephants) (pop close to K) | 32 | |
| 7415054839 | R-selection (density-independent) | selection for life history traits that maximize reproductive success in uncrowded environments (cockroaches, bacteria) (max reproductive success) | 33 |