Ap Biology Chapter 7 Flashcards

4821649567	Cell membrane	Consists of lipids and proteins and it is selectively permiable	0
4821649568	Amphipathic	Phospholipids-both hydrophobic and hydrophilic	1
4821649569	Fluid mosaic model	Membrane is a fluid structure	2
4821649570	Phospholipids	Constantly move laterally	3
4821649571	Cooler temperatures	The cell membrane becomes solid	4
4821649572	Olive oil consistency	The best membrane consistently	5
4821649573	Saturated membrane	A more solid membrane	6
4821649574	Unsaturated membrane	A more liquid membrane	7
4821649575	Cholesterol	Slows down the membrane but spaces them out (buffers of membrane)	8
4821649576	Peripheral proteins	Bound to the surface- hydrophilic	9
4821649577	Hydrophobic-small mollecules	Molecules that can dissolve in bilateral and pass through	10
4821649578	Transport protein	Allows hydrophilic things in	11
4821649579	Aquaporins	Only facilitates water transport	12
4821649580	Channel protein	Transport protein that certain things can use	13
4821649581	Diffusion	Molecules want to go to more space-passive	14
4821649582	Concentration gradient	A difference in concentration of a substance-passive	15
4821649583	Osmosis	Is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane using an aquaporin-passive	16
4821649584	Tonicity	Ability of a solution to make a cell gain or lose water	17
4821649585	Isotonic solution	Solute concentration is the same as the inside of the cell- no net water movement	18
4821649586	Hypertonic solution	Solute concentration is greater than that inside the cell- cell loses water	19
4821649587	Hypotonic solution	Solute concentration is less than that inside the cell-cell gains water	20
4821649588	Lysed	Animal cells gaining too much water-hypotonic	21
4821649589	Turgid	Plant cells normal puffed out-hypotonic	22
4821649590	Normal	animal cells normal-isotonic	23
4821649591	Flaccid	Not perfect plant cells-isotonic	24
4821649592	Shriveled/crenated	Animal cells choked of water-hypertonic	25
4821649593	Plasmolyzed	Plant cells choked of water-hypertonic	26
4821666706	osmoregulation	the control of water balance	27
4821667935	Plasmolysis	the membrane of plant cells rip off the wall being lethal-occurs in hyper-tonic solutions	28
4821678088	Facilitated diffusion	Transport proteins speed the passive movement of molecules across the plasma membrane	29
4821684783	Ion channels	Channels that open/close in response to stimuli (gated channels)	30
4821745288	Active transport	The move is substances against their concentration gradient-ATP-performed by specific proteins embedded in the membrane	31
4821758490	Sodium potassium pump	One type of active transport system	32
4821760235	phosphorylation	Changing the proteins shape(in the cell membrane)	33
4821770014	membrane potential	The voltage difference across a membrane	34
4821775008	electrochemical gradient	The diffusion of ions across a membrane-a chemical, force ions concentration, and electrical force(membrane potential on the ions it movement) these 2 combine for this	35
4821859953	electrogenic pump	A transport protein that generates voltage across a membrane( sodium potassium pump is the main one for animals)	36
4821867410	Proton pump	The main electrogenic pump of plants, fungi, and bacteria	37
4821890517	cotransport	occurs when active transport of a solute indirectly drives transport of another solute(plants usually use hydrogen)	38
4821898198	Exocytosis	transport vesicles migrate to the membrane, fuse with it and release their contents (secretory cells use this)-uses ATP	39
4821904853	Endocytosis	the cell takes in macromolecules by forming vesicles from the plasma membrane- 3 types, phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and receptor mediated endocytosis- uses ATP	40
4821916224	Bulk transport	uses endocytosis and exocytosis and vesicles	41
4821920196	Pinocytosis	molecules are taken up when extracellular fluid is "gulped" into tiny vesicles	42
4821925874	Phagocytosis	a cell engulfs a particle in a vacuole that fuses with a lysosome to digest it	43
4821931005	Receptor mediated endocytosis	Binding of ligands to receptors, triggers vesicle formation	44
4821937096	Ligand	any molecule that binds specifically to a receptor site of another molecule	45