AP Biology - Unit 7 - Cell Division Flashcards
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| 6086005995 | cell division | Process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells | 0 | |
| 6086038641 | cell cycle | series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide |  | 1 |
| 6086040832 | interphase | Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division; consists of G1, S, and G2 phases |  | 2 |
| 6086044485 | G1 phase | the cell undergoes most of its growing during this part of the cell cycle | 3 | |
| 6086048190 | S phase | the cell replicates its DNA during this part of the cell cycle | 4 | |
| 6086054314 | G2 phase | the cell prepares for division during this part of the cell cycle | 5 | |
| 6086067261 | G0 phase | a non-dividing state occupied by cells that have left the cell cycle, sometimes reversibly. | 6 | |
| 6086076481 | asexual reproduction | Process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent | 7 | |
| 6086076482 | sexual reproduction | A reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents |  | 8 |
| 6087382464 | M phase | the cell splits its DNA and divides during this part of the cell cycle | 9 | |
| 6087387350 | mitosis | A cell's division of the nucleus. Final product is 2 cells that are exactly like the parent cell. | 10 | |
| 6087391828 | meiosis | A process in cell division during which the nucleus divides twice. Final product is 4 cells that are genetically different | 11 | |
| 6087423128 | prophase | Phase of mitosis in which duplicated chromosomes condense and mitotic spindle fibers begin to form |  | 12 |
| 6087423129 | metaphase | Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up across the equator of the cell |  | 13 |
| 6087423130 | anaphase | Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles of the cell |  | 14 |
| 6087423131 | telophase | Phase of mitosis in which a nuclear envelope reforms around each set of chromosomes. |  | 15 |
| 6087430350 | haploid | An organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes. |  | 16 |
| 6087430351 | diploid | A cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes |  | 17 |
| 6087432950 | homologous chromosomes | Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure |  | 18 |
| 6087432951 | sister chromatids | Replicated forms of a chromosome joined together by the centromere and eventually separated during mitosis or meiosis II. |  | 19 |
| 6087436305 | somatic cell | Any cell in a multicellular organism except a sperm or egg cell. | 20 | |
| 6087436306 | gametic cell | reproductive cells, sperm and egg |  | 21 |
| 6087441616 | centrosome | A structure in animal cells containing centrioles from which the spindle fibers develop. |  | 22 |
| 6087441617 | spindle | framework of microtubules that guide the movement of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis |  | 23 |
| 6087441618 | centriole | Cell organelle that aids in cell division in animal cells only |  | 24 |
| 6087444596 | kinetochore | A specialized region on the centromere that links each sister chromatid to the mitotic spindle. |  | 25 |
| 6087446572 | tetrad | structure containing 4 chromatids that forms during meiosis |  | 26 |
| 6087446573 | crossing over | Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis. |  | 27 |
| 6087448569 | cyclin | A cellular protein that occurs in a cyclically fluctuating concentration and that plays an important role in regulating the cell cycle. |  | 28 |
| 6087448570 | cyclin-dependent kinase | enzyme to which cyclin binds during interphase and mitosis, triggering and controlling activities during the cell cycle | | 29 |
| 6096208935 | map unit | The distance on a chromosome within which crossing-over (recombination) occurs 1 percent of the time | 30 |