AP Biology Unit 4.8 - Mendelian Genetics Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images [1]
| 9450698182 | Gregor Mendel | Austrian monk known as the the Father of Genetics; studied inherited traits of pea plants |  | 0 |
| 9450698183 | Pea Plants | Type of plant studied by Gregor Mendel |  | 1 |
| 9450698184 | Purebred | An organism that always produces offspring with the same form of a trait as the parent. |  | 2 |
| 9450698185 | Law of Segregation | Mendelian law stating that two alleles for each trait separate during meiosis |  | 3 |
| 9450698186 | Law of Independent Assortment | The law that states that genes separate independently of one another in meiosis |  | 4 |
| 9450698187 | Gene | A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait/protein |  | 5 |
| 9450698188 | Trait | A quality or characteristic of an organism. |  | 6 |
| 9450698189 | Phenotype | An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits. |  | 7 |
| 9450698190 | Genotype | An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations that determine traits. |  | 8 |
| 9450698191 | Allele | An alternative form of a gene. |  | 9 |
| 9450698192 | Homozygous | An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait |  | 10 |
| 9450698193 | Homozygous Dominant | Both alleles (factors) for a trait are the same and dominant (AA) |  | 11 |
| 9450698194 | Homozygous Recessive | Both alleles (factors) for a trait are the same and recessive (aa) |  | 12 |
| 9450698195 | Heterozygous | An organism that has two different alleles for a trait |  | 13 |
| 9450698196 | Dominant | Describes a trait that covers over, or dominates, another form of that trait. |  | 14 |
| 9450698197 | Recessive | An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present |  | 15 |
| 9450698198 | Punnet Square | Diagram showing the gene combinations that might result from a genetic cross | | 16 |
| 9450698199 | Monohybrid Cross | A cross between two individuals, concentrating on only one definable trait |  | 17 |
| 9450698200 | Codominance | A condition in which both alleles for a gene are fully expressed; neither is truly dominant. |  | 18 |
| 9450698201 | Incomplete Dominance | Creates a blended phenotype; one allele is not completely dominant over the other. |  | 19 |
| 9450698202 | Sex Linkage | Occurs when certain traits are determined by genes on sex chromosomes; for example, males are more likely to express recessive alleles on the X-chromosome |  | 20 |
| 9450703187 | Dihybrid Cross | A cross between two organisms in which two traits are being considered. |  | 21 |
| 9450707125 | Gene Linkage | Genes near each other on the same chromosome tend to be inherited together |  | 22 |