MHS AP Biology - Cell Organelle Flashcards Flashcards
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| 4877806453 | nucleus system | The central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth. |  | 0 |
| 4877806454 | nuclear envelope/membrane with pores | (nucleus) The double lipid bilayer membrane which surrounds the genetic material and nucleolus in eukaryotic cells. |  | 1 |
| 4877806455 | chromosomes | (nucleus) Thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. Passed form parents to offspring. |  | 2 |
| 4877806456 | chromatin | (nucleus) A complex of DNA and protein that forms chromosomes within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. |  | 3 |
| 4877806457 | nucleolus | (nucleus) The nuclear subdomain that assembles ribosomal subunits in eukaryotic cells. |  | 4 |
| 4877806458 | endomembrane system | Includes the nuclear membrane, the endoplasmic reticulum, the golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles, endosomes, and the cell membrane. |  | 5 |
| 4877806459 | vesicles | (endomembrane) A small structure consisting of fluid enclosed by a lipid bilayer membrane. |  | 6 |
| 4877806460 | rough endoplasmic reticulum | (endomembrane) A network of tubular membranes within the cytoplasm of the cell with a surface studded with ribosomes. |  | 7 |
| 4877806461 | smooth endoplasmic reticulum | (endomembrane) A network of tubular membranes within the cytoplasm of the cell with a smooth surface. |  | 8 |
| 4877806462 | golgi apparatus | (endomembrane) A complex of vesicles and folded membranes involved in secretion and intracellular transport. |  | 9 |
| 4877806463 | lysosomes | (endomembrane) Organelle containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane. |  | 10 |
| 4877806464 | food vacuole | (endomembrane) A vacuole with a digestive function in the protoplasm of protozoan. | 11 | |
| 4877806465 | contractile vacuole | (endomembrane) A vacuole in some protozoans that expels excess liquid on contraction. | 12 | |
| 4877806466 | central vacuole | (endomembrane) Organelle found in plant cells, surrounded by a membrane, that holds materials and waste. |  | 13 |
| 4877806467 | cell membrane/plasma membrane | (endomembrane) The semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell. |  | 14 |
| 4877806468 | cytoskeleton system | Structure that helps cells maintain their shape and internal organization. |  | 15 |
| 4877806469 | microtubules | (cytoskeleton) A microscopic tubular structure acting as conveyer belts inside the cell. |  | 16 |
| 4877806470 | microfilaments | (cytoskeleton) The thinnest filaments of the cytoskeleton, that when linked together can provide stiffness and shape to a membrane. |  | 17 |
| 4877806472 | centrosomes | (specialized microtubules) (cytoskeleton) Form the network of microtubules that participate in making the cytoskeleton. |  | 18 |
| 4877806473 | centrioles | (specialized microtubules) (cytoskeleton) Help with cell division of animal cells. Help form spindle fibers. |  | 19 |
| 4877806474 | cilia | (specialized microtubules) (cytoskeleton) Move a cell, or form a barricade in the lungs of humans to stop harmful particles from entering. |  | 20 |
| 4877806475 | flagella | (specialized microtubules) (cytoskeleton) Function as locomotion or sensory organelle. |  | 21 |
| 4877806476 | ribosomes | Responsible for the production of proteins. |  | 22 |
| 4877806477 | mitochondria | An organelle that performs cellular respiration. The "power house" of the cell. |  | 23 |
| 4877806478 | chloroplast | Organelles that work to convert light energy into sugars. |  | 24 |
| 4877806479 | peroxisomes | Organelle that detoxifies alcohol, breaks down fatty acids, is bound by a single membrane, found in kidney and liver cells |  | 25 |
| 4877806480 | cell wall | A rigid layer of polysaccharides outside the plasma membrane of plant, fungi, and bacteria cells. |  | 26 |
| 4877806481 | lipid bilayer | double phospholipid membrane with the polar hydrophilic heads forming the outer faces and the nonpolar hydrophobic tails pointing toward the inside of the membrane | 27 | |
| 4877806482 | extracellular matrix | provides mechanical support and helps bind adjacent cells together | 28 | |
| 4877806487 | Plants Only | Central vacuoles Chloroplasts Cell wall of cellulose Plasmodesmata | 29 | |
| 4877806488 | Animals Only | Lysosomes Centrioles Flagella, cillia Desmosomes, tight, and gap junctions Extracellular matrix (ECM) | 30 |