AP Biology Membrane Structure and Function Flashcards

7986694882	Fluid Mosaic Model	Model that says the membrane is a phospholipid bilayer with proteins embedded.	0
7986713806	Phospholipid Bilayer	2 layers of phospholipids with proteins embedded.	1
7986729318	Cholesterol	Lipid that stiffens and strengthens the membrane.	2
7986752113	Glycolipids	Carbohydrate chains attached to phospholipids.	3
7986763094	Glycoproteins	Carbohydrate chains attached to proteins.	4
7986775059	Channel protein	Proteins involved in the passage of molecules through the membrane. They have a channel that allow substances to move across the membrane.	5
7986795617	Carrier protein	Proteins that combine with substances and help them move across the membrane.	6
7986816751	Cell Recognition Proteins	Glycoproteins that help the body recognize when it is being invaded by pathogens.	7
7986828755	Receptor Proteins	Proteins that have a specific shape that allows a specific molecule to bind to it.	8
7986840003	Enzymatic Proteins	Proteins that carry out metabolic reactions directly.	9
7986851294	Differentially Permeable	Certain substances can move across the membrane, while others cannot.	10
7987304978	Concentration Grandient	The difference of concentration throughout a space.	11
7987331712	Diffusion	The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.	12
7987651097	Solution	Contains both a solute, usually a solid, and a solute, usually a liquid.	13
7987664293	Solute	The substance being dissolved.	14
7987668212	Solvent	The substance doing the dissolving.	15
7987673374	Osmosis	The movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.	16
7987684835	Osmotic pressure	Pressure that develops in a system due to osmosis.	17
7987719778	Isotonic Solution	The solute concentration and the water concentration are the same both inside and outside the cell.	18
7987730895	Hypotonic Solution	The solution has a lower concentration of solute than the cell.	19
7987741520	Hypertonic Solution	The solution has a higher concentration of solute than the cell.	20
7987748936	Turgor Pressure	The swelling of plant cells in a hypotonic solution.	21
7987764798	Contractile Vacuole	Specialized vacuoles in protists that pump out excess water.	22
7987776458	Plasmolysis	A shrinking of the cytoplasm in plant cells due to osmosis.	23
7987788548	Facilitated Transport	Passage of molecules across the membrane with the help of a carrier protein. Does not require energy.	24
7987825016	Active Transport	Molecules or ions move through the membrane, accumulating either inside or outside the membrane. Transport requiring energy.	25
7987852019	Sodium/Potassium Pump	Pumps three Na ions into the cell and 2 K ions out of the cell.	26
7987875364	Exocytosis	A vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane as secretion occur. Substances go out of the cell.	27
7987885367	Endocytosis	Cells take in substances by vesicle formation. Substances go into the cell.	28
7987893287	Phagocytosis	Cell eating.	29
7987899491	Pinocytosis	Cell drinking.	30
7987909347	Receptor-mediated endocytosis	Form of pinocytosis in which specific molecules such as a vitamin or peptide hormone bind to it.	31
7987940234	Adhesion Junctions	A type of anchoring junction where internal cytoplasmic plaques are joined by intercellular filaments.	32
7987965275	Desmosome	A single point of attachment between adjacent cells connects the cytoskeletons of adjacent cell. Most common type of junction between skin cells.	33
7994654687	Plasmodesmata	Numerous narrow membrane-lined channels that connect the cytoplasm of plant cells.	34
7994671817	Tight Junctions	Plasma membrane proteins attach to each other producing a zipperlike fastening.	35
7994784473	Gap Junction	Allows cells to communicate. Formed when two identical plasma membranes join.	36