AP Biology Chp 26 Phylogeny terms Flashcards
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| 6649416035 | Phylogeny | Evolutionary history of a species or a group of species. | 0 | |
| 6649416036 | Systematics | Focused on classifying organisms and determining their evolutionary relationship. | 1 | |
| 6649416037 | Taxonomy | How organisms are named and classified. | 2 | |
| 6649416038 | Binomial | Genus + specific epithet(unique for each species in a genus). | 3 | |
| 6649416039 | Order of Classification | Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. | 4 | |
| 6649416040 | Phylogenetic Tree | Branching diagram explaining the evolutionary history of a group of organisms. | 5 | |
| 6649416041 | Branch Points | Shows where the divergence of two evolutionary organisms are from a common ancestor. | 6 | |
| 6649416042 | Homologies | Similarities due to shared ancestry. Morphological divergence between related species can be great and their genetic divergence small. (Or vice versa). | 7 | |
| 6649416043 | Analogy | Similarity due to convergent evolution rather than shared ancestry. (Not related, but have similar features.) Ex. A bird's wing and a Bats wing. | 8 | |
| 6649416044 | Convergent Evolution | Occurs when similar environmental pressures and Natural selection produce similar (Analogous) adaptation in organisms from different evolutionary divergences. | 9 | |
| 6649416045 | Molecular Systematics | The Discipline that uses DNA and other molecular data to determine evolutionary history. | 10 | |
| 6649416047 | Cladistics | The common ancestry is the primary criterion used to classify organisms. Scientists group species in Clades: each of which includes an ancestral species and all of its transcendence. | 11 | |
| 6649416048 | Monophyletic | All descendants and ancestral species, this is the only way a clade can be equivalent with a taxon. |  | 12 |
| 6649416049 | Paraphyletic | Consists of an ancestral species and some, but not all of its descendants. |  | 13 |
| 6649416050 | Polyphyletic | includes taxa with different ancestors. |  | 14 |
| 6649416052 | Character/Characteristics | Another word for Trait or Traits. | 15 | |
| 6649416053 | Derived Character | An evolutionary novelty unique to a particular clade. Ex. Mammals have the character of hair which isn't seen in earlier ancestors. | 16 | |
| 6649416054 | Outgroup | The species or group of species from an evolutionary lineage that is known to have diverged before the lineage that includes the species that is being studied. | 17 | |
| 6649416055 | Parsimony | "Occam's Razor" The principal that the simplest explanation (that explains the facts) is the most likely explanation. | 18 |