Biology AP : Enzymes Flashcards
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| 4884929131 | Metabolism | This is the word to describe all of the chemical reactions in an organism. | 0 | |
| 4884933748 | Anabolic Reaction | This is a type of reaction that needs energy. ( ex: endothermic, endergonic, and dehydration ) | 1 | |
| 4884944897 | Catabolic Reaction | This is a type of reaction that gives off energy. ( ex. hydrolysis, exothermic, and exergonic ) | 2 | |
| 4884998637 | +10 to -10 | What is the scale for metabolism? | 3 | |
| 4885001935 | Thyroid | Which organ deals with metabolism? | 4 | |
| 4885004807 | Enzyme | This speeds up chemical reactions. | 5 | |
| 4885019015 | Shape | The enzyme needs to be specific to a single reaction. What makes enzymes specific? Note that reactants must fit into the enzyme. | 6 | |
| 4885046431 | The enzyme lowers the activation energy and increases the collisions between molecules. | How do enzymes speed reactions up? | 7 | |
| 4885081848 | The enzyme gets it's shape by the way it folds. | How does the enzyme get it's shape? | 8 | |
| 4885151098 | Kinetic Energy | This is the energy of motion. ( Energy at work ) | 9 | |
| 4885153358 | Potential Energy | This is stored energy. ( ex: energy in a CH bond ) | 10 | |
| 4885162563 | 1. Energy cannot be created or destroyed. 2. When you change the form of energy, you release heat. ( ex: potential to kinetic energy releases heat or entropy ) | Name the Two Laws of Thermodynamics. | 11 | |
| 4885174038 | Heat | This is random energy. It is hard to grab or recycle. Over time, the earth becomes more random because this is random. | 12 | |
| 4885259224 | It has a phosphate group, a ribose sugar, and an adenine. | How does ATP resemble a nucleotide? | 13 | |
| 4885307053 | The phosphates have high energy bonds because the negatives on the oxygen repel each other. | Why is it so easy to break the bond between phosphates in an ATP? | 14 | |
| 4885361976 | Mitochondria | What organelle reassembles the ADP, phosphate, and energy into ATP? | 15 | |
| 4885371686 | It uses energy from chopped CH bonds in sugars ( carbohydrates ). | How does the mitochondria reassemble the ATP? | 16 | |
| 4885382813 | You couple the endergonic reaction to hydrolysis of ATP. | To do an endergonic reaction, you need energy. Where do you get the energy? | 17 | |
| 4885417513 | The change in G ( free energy ) | What is the product minus the reactant? | 18 | |
| 4885491766 | Activation Energy | The minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction. | 19 | |
| 4885501137 | Free Energy | This is energy that is available to do work. | 20 | |
| 4885523826 | Free Energy Concentration Equilibrium | What three things are not affected by the enzyme at all? | 21 | |
| 4885538261 | Active Site | This is the part of the enzyme that the reactant or substrate binds to. | 22 | |
| 4885555639 | Induced Fit | When the substrate binds to the enzyme, the bind will twist a little to grip each other. What is this called? | 23 | |
| 4885624771 | The reaction reverses and goes back and forth. | When the amount of products and reactants become equal, the reaction does what? | 24 | |
| 4885631311 | You can measure the amount of product being made or the reactant being used. | How do we see how quickly the reaction is going? | 25 | |
| 4885645578 | 1. temperature 2. pH 3. amount of substrate | What are the three things that affect the rate of reaction? | 26 | |
| 4885688148 | Transition State | This is where all of the substrate is bound to an enzyme. | 27 | |
| 4885729953 | Competitive Inhibitor | A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics. |  | 28 |
| 4885734763 | Noncompetitive Inhibitor | A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by binding to a location remote from the active site, changing its conformation so that it no longer binds to the substrate. |  | 29 |
| 4885747903 | Allosteric Site | A site on an enzyme other than the active site, to which a specific substance binds, thereby changing the shape and activity of the enzyme. | 30 | |
| 4885767531 | Activator | A protein that binds to DNA and stimulates transcription of a specific gene. | 31 | |
| 4885770032 | Inhibitor | A substance that slows down or stops a chemical reaction. | 32 | |
| 4885784827 | Metabolic Pathway | A series of chemical reactions that either builds a complex molecule (anabolic pathway) or breaks down a complex molecule into simpler compounds (catabolic pathway). | 33 |