AP- Biology - Enzymes Flashcards

7847647776	chemical reaction	A process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals.	0
7847647777	reactants	compounds that enter into a chemical reaction	1
7847647778	product	compounds produced by a chemical reaction.	2
7847647779	enzyme	biological catalysts usually globular that speed up the rate of chemical reactions	3
7847647781	Competitive inhibition	substance that resembles the normal substrate competes with the substrate for the active site	4
7847647782	Noncompetitive inhibitor	a chemical that binds to an enzyme but not in the active site. This chemical will change the shape of the enzyme (reversible)	5
7847647783	substrate	the substance an enzyme catalyzes, changes.	6
7847647784	active site	the location on the enzyme where the substrate binds and goes through a chemical reaction.	7
7847647785	exothermic reaction	a chemical reaction where energy is given off, so that the products have less energy than the reactants.	8
7847647786	endothermic reaction	a chemical reaction where energy is taken in, so that the products have more energy than the reactants.	9
7847647787	activation energy	Eₐ is the abbreviation used for the energy required to start a reaction.	10
7847647789	Catalase	an enzyme found in most aerobic organisms that breaks down H2O2 to water and oxygen	11
7847647791	lipase	Enzyme that can break the bonds of lipids to form the monomer, fatty acids.	12
7847647792	protease	Enzyme that can break the polypeptide bonds of proteins to form the monomer, amino acids.	13
7847647793	nuclease	Enzyme that can break the bonds of nucleic acids to form monomer, nucleotides	14
7847647795	lock and key hypothesis	The substrate fits the active site of the enzyme like a key fits in a lock. There is no change to the shape of the enzyme or substrate.	15
7847647796	induced fit hypothesis	The active site of the enzyme is flexible and conforms to fit the substrate like a glove fits on a hand.	16
7847647797	Denature	Characteristic of proteins; a change in shape that stops the protein from functioning.	17
7847647798	Allosteric	__________ regulation of enzyme occurs when a molecule binds to an enzyme changing the protein's shape	18
7847647799	Catalyst	______ an agent that speeds up a chemical reaction without itself being permanently altered	19
7847647800	G	An exergonic reaction releases free energy. The abbreviation for free energy is: Named after the American Scientist Josiah Gibbs	20
7847647803	Substrate orientation	When Enzyme bring together specific atoms into a correct position that are otherwise rotating and tumbling so that bonds can form	21
7847647811	Shape	in Biology the prefix allo means "different" and stereos means "__________"	22
7847647812	Hydrogen	The specificity and activity of an enzyme depends on it 3D structure and this in turn depends on ______________ bonds	23
7847647813	hydrophobic	Changes in H+ ions (acidity) concentration can alter how _____________ some regions of protein are.	24
7847647814	pH	After looking at the graph the enzyme activity of the the three different enzymes is being regulated by what variable	25
7847647815	Temperature	After looking at the shape of graph the enzyme activity of this enzymes is being regulated by what variable:	26
7847647816	Substrate Concentration	After looking at the shape of graph the enzyme activity of this enzymes is being regulated by what variable:	27