AP World History Chapter 13 Review Flashcards

5290915708	Tropics	Equatorial region between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. It is characterized by generally warm or hot temperatures year-round, though much variation exists due to altitude and other factors.	0
5290917304	Monsoons	A seasonal prevailing wind in the region of South and Southeast Asia, blowing from the southwest between May and September and bringing rain, or from the northeast between October and April.	1
5290921673	Ecosystems	A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.	2
5290921674	Bilad al-sudan	West African Jewish communities who were connected to known Jewish communities from the Middle East, North Africa, or Spain and Portugal.	3
5290924568	Dhow	A lateen-rigged ship with one or two masts, used in the Indian Ocean.	4
5290941891	Swahili	A Bantu language widely used as a lingua franca in East Africa and having official status in several countries.	5
5290943874	Urdu	A form of Hindustani written in Persian script, with many loanwords from Persian and Arabic.	6
5290943875	Junks	Chinese ships equipped with watertight bulkheads, sternpost rudders, compasses, and bamboo fenders.	7
5290951504	Niger River	A river of western Africa rising in Guinea through Mali, Niger, and Nigeria to the Gulf of Guinea.	8
5290951505	Indus Rivers	A river in South Asia, flowing from West Tibet through Kashmir and Pakistan to the Arabian Sea.	9
5290953778	The Ganges	A river that is sacred to Hindus.	10
5290955897	Mekong River	A river whose source is in Southwest China, flowing Southeast along most of the boundary between Thailand and Laos to the South China Sea.	11
5290957448	Swahili Coast	A coastal area in Southeast Africa inhabited by the Swahili people.	12
5290959811	Strait of Malacca	A narrow stretch of water between the Malay Peninsula and the Indonesian island of Sumatra.	13
5290962121	Mogadishu	The capital and largest city of Somalia, on the Indian Ocean.	14
5290963957	Kilwa	Former Islamic city-state on an island off the coast of what is now southern Tanzania.	15
5290966094	Aden	A seaport in and the economic capital of the Republic of Yemen.	16
5290969802	Malabar Coast	Comprises the wettest regions of southern India, as the Western Ghats intercept the moisture-laden monsoon rains, especially on their westward-facing mountain slopes.	17
5290971798	Malacca	Brown cane that is widely used for walking sticks and umbrella handles.	18
5290973873	Timbuktu	A town in central Mali, west Africa, near the Niger River.	19
5290976061	Delhi Sultanate	Muslim dynasty that ruled in India (1210-1526).	20
5290978750	Mali Empire	Founded by Sundiata Keita and became renowned for the wealth of its rulers, especially Mansa Musa.	21
5290980216	Kanem-Bornu	Empire that existed in modern Chad and Nigeria.	22
5290981697	Gujarat	A region in west India, north of the Narmada River.	23
5290983122	Bahmani Kingdom	A Muslim state of the Deccan in South India and one of the great medieval Indian kingdoms.	24
5290984828	Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Battuta	A Moroccan Muslim scholar and traveler.	25
5290987124	Sundiata	The founder of the Mali Empire.	26
5290987139	Mansa Kankan Musa	Fourteenth century emperor of the Mali Empire, is the medieval African ruler most known to the world outside Africa.	27
5290990003	Mansa Suleiman	Mansa of the Mali Empire from 1341 to 1360.	28
5290991787	Sultan Iltutmish	Third and greatest Delhi sultan of the so-called Slave dynasty.	29
5290993794	Sultan Raziya	The only female ever to rule the Delhi Sultanate.	30
5290995795	Mansa Musa's Pilgrimage	Boosted Islamic education in Mali by adding mosques, libraries, and universities.	31
5290997470	What is a tropical environment? Explain the different ecosystems contained in the tropical areas of Africa and Asia and what climatic factors control them.	- Tropical zones fall between the Tropic of Cancer in the north and the Tropic of Capricorn in the south - Coastal West Africa, west-central Africa, and southern India get abundant rainfall - There is an arid zone extending across northern Africa and northwest India, and another arid zone in southwestern Africa - Altitude affects climate, with high-altitude mountain ranges and plateaus having cooler weather and shorter growing seasons than the low-altitude coastal plains and river valleys - Wind patterns Afro-Asian tropics have a cycle of rainy and dry seasons dictated by the alternating winds known as monsoons - Tropics have an uneven distribution of rainfall during the year. - In order to have year-round access to water for intensive agriculture, tropical farming societies constructed dams, irrigation canals, and reservoirs. - There is a wide range of tropical environments from deserts to rainforests.	32
5291000071	Why were metalworking and food-producing systems important to tropical peoples?	Food-producing systems were important because of irregular rainfall. Crops weren't always guaranteed, so the people had no choice but to come up with a system. Metalworking was important for the manufacturing of tools, weapons, and decorative objects.	33
5291000072	Outline the events of the arrival of Islam into India - be specific and thorough.	The waves of Muslim armies arriving to India followed the same pattern. Leaders like Mahmud of Ghazni and Muhammad Tughluq expanded Muslim political regions without changing the religious or social aspects of Indian society. Conversion to Islam happened in a step-by-step process. At some points, entire castes would convert to Islam at one time. Buddhism slowly died out under Muslim rule.	34
5291002667	The Indian Ocean trade was the world's richest maritime trading network. Why was it important and how did it develop? What technologies made the trade network a success? Did Islam play a role? Why could it be described as "decentralized and cooperative"? Be sure to include the various goods, peoples, and lands involved.	The Indian Ocean trade was developed through the success of African, Asian, and European regions. There was a demand for luxuries, such as jewelry and books. Technological advancements allowed bigger cargoes. It lead to rapid Muslim expansion, since it brought together a variety of people and ideas. Peoples were forced to cooperate for successful trade, uniting East Asia and Europe along with many other areas.	35
5291002668	How and why did the roles and status of tropical women change between 1200 and 1500?	Women in the tropics had the role of looking after the children, preparing food, working on the farm, and other tasks. However, the status of women was determined by the status of her father, husband, or owner. In Africa, women did not seclude themselves. In India, the tradition of sati was optional.	36