AP World History- Unit 2 Rome Flashcards

4787353746	Republic	A government of elected officials.	0
4787353747	Senate	The elected officials in the Roman Republic (only the wealthiest were represented)	1
4787353748	Magistrates	Officials who carried out the day-to-day operations of the government who were selected by plebeians	2
4787353749	Tribunes	Elected to represent the plebeians	3
4787353750	Consuls	Elected to preside over the government and to serve as commanders of armies in military campaigns (had veto powers)	4
4787353751	Checks and Balances	A way of dividing power to keep any part of government from becoming excessively powerful	5
4787353752	Law of Twelve Tables	Written laws that were put on display	6
4787353753	Cicero	One of the greatest members of the legal profession in Rome.	7
4787353754	Carthage	A city-state across the Mediterranean on the north coast of Africa; fought Punic Wars with Rome	8
4787353755	Punic Wars	Three wars between Rome and Carthage; Rome destroyed Carthage in the end	9
4787353756	Vandals	Nomads who took Carthage and conquered Rome	10
4787353757	Legions	Roman armies	11
4787353758	Latifundia	Huge farmland bought by patricians	12
4787353759	Spartacus Rebellion	When a slave named Spartacus led one of the largest slave revolts in history against Rome; thousands of slaves killed	13
4787353760	Marius	A general who was elected six times to the consulship; Sulla beat him; uncle of Julius Caesar	14
4787353761	Sulla	General who came from a more patrician family and beat Marius; drove from city by Julius Caesar	15
4787353762	Pompey Magnus	Successful general who was beat by Julius Caesar	16
4787353763	Julius Caesar	Became sole consul and dictator for life; killed by Roman Senate due to him gaining so much power	17
4787353764	Marc Antony	General who was beaten by Octavian	18
4787353765	Octavian	Later known as Augustus; beat Marc Antony and became the first emperor; started Roman Empire	19
4787353766	Battle of Actium	Battle between Octavian and Marc Antony for power; Octavian won	20
4787353767	Pax Romana	Roman peacetime	21
4787353768	Constantine	Emperor who declared the Christianity legal and the official religion of the Roman Empire	22
4787353769	"Edict of Milan"	Christianity was declared legal in the Roman Empire by Constantine in this	23
4787353770	St. Augustine	Wrote that even though Rome might fall to the barbarians, the city of God in heaven would remain	24
4787353771	Separation of Church/State	Religion and government are separate	25
4787353772	Silk Roads	Trade route connecting communities in Europe and Asia	26
4787353773	Trans Regional Roads	Connected roads across Rome to help with trade and military	27
4787353774	Virgil	Famous Roman writer who wrote "The Aeneid"	28
4787353775	"The Aeneid"	Epic by Virgil that accurately forecasts the cultural, political, and military legacies of the Roman Empire	29
4787353776	Ovid	Famous Roman writer who was banished by Augustus to the far edge of the Black Sea	30
4787353777	Epicureanism	Roman philosophy that promoted living simply, enjoying the pleasures of life, and not focusing on appealing to the gods	31
4787353778	Stoicism	Roman philosophy that emphasized that people should learn to accept the will of the gods and remained detached from pleasure and pain	32
4787353779	Syncretism	Combining ideas from different sources; occurred in religion	33
4787353780	Pontifex Maximus	High Priest in Rome	34
4787353781	State Religion	Religion of the Roman Empire must obey; could pray to other gods as long as they prayed to state gods	35
4787353782	Mystery Cults	Religious groups whose followers were promised an afterlife if they underwent secret rituals and purification rites	36
4787353783	Jesus	The man who challenged traditional religious leaders and was regarded as a troublemaker by Roman officials; started Christianity	37
4787353784	Peter	A follower of Jesus who spread the ideas of Christianity and is regarded today by the Roman Catholic Church as the first pope	38
4787353785	Paul	Man who spread Christianity and inspired other preachers	39
4787353786	Christianity	Monotheistic religion that appealed to urban poor, slaves, and women	40
4787353787	Martyrdom	A willingness to die rather than give up one's beliefs	41
4787353788	Patricians	Wealthy Landowners	42
4787353789	Plebeians	Small farmers, tradespeople, craftworkers, and common soldiers	43
4787353790	Equestrian Class	A new class that was for rich Romans that were not descendants of the founders of Rome	44
4787353791	Apennine Mountains	Mountain range that runs the length of the Italian peninsula and is less rugged than the mountains of Greece	45
4787353792	Etruscans	Settled in Northern Italian Peninsula and responsible for early Rome	46
4787353793	Latins	Lived in central Italy	47
4787353794	Rome	Village on seven hills that became the capital of the Roman Empire	48
4787353795	Tiber River	River that was near Rome and became good for trade	49
4787353796	Tyrrhenian Sea	Sea near Rome that was good for Rome yet it was far enough away to be easily defended against sea-borne attackers	50
4787353797	Catapults	Devices used to hurl stones a great distance	51
4787353798	Siege Devices	Device used to break walls like a battering ram	52
4787353799	Stirrup	Provided greater stability for riders and made horses easier to ride and control	53