Chapter 14 Guided Reading AP World History Flashcards

5629373887	Latin West	The Latin section of the Roman Empire. It was also the section to crumble while separated from the Greek East.	0
5629373888	Three-field system	farmland divided into three equal-sized fields, in which crops were rotated	1
5629373889	Water wheel	A mechanism that harnesses the energy in flowing water to grind grain or to power machinery.	2
5629373890	Hanseatic League	an organization of north German and Scandinavian cities for the purpose of establishing a commercial alliance.	3
5629373891	International fairs		4
5629373892	Guild	an organization of people in the same craft or trade	5
5629373893	Peter's Pence	a annual tax or tribute	6
5629373894	Flying buttresses	A major architectural innovation that enabled the Gothic cathedrals to reach new heights	7
5629373895	Modern universities	Degree-granting institutions of higher learning.	8
5629373896	Scholasticism	A medieval philosophical and theological system that tried to reconcile faith and reason	9
5629373897	Humanists	People who specialize in studying the grammar, history, poetry, and rhetoric.	10
5629373898	Printing press	A mechanical device for transferring text or graphics from a woodblock or type to paper using ink.	11
5629373899	Magna Carta	A charter of liberty and political rights obtained from King John of England by his rebellious barons at Runnymede in 1215.	12
5629373900	New monarchies	Historians' term for the monarchies in France, England, and Spain from 1450 to 1600.	13
5629373901	English Parliament	England's chief law-making body.	14
5629373902	The Estates General	France's Legislative body that met infrequently and was overall weak.	15
5629373903	Thomas Aquinas	Italian theologian and Doctor of the Church who is remembered for his attempt to reconcile faith and reason in a comprehensive theology.	16
5629373904	Geoffrey Chaucer	English poet remembered as author of the Canterbury Tales	17
5629373905	Marco Polo	Venetian traveler who explored Asia in the 13th century and served Kublai Khan	18
5629373906	The Medici family	Wealthy family which controlled Florence Italy during the Renaissance.	19
5629373907	The Fugger family	German banking dynasty that dominated European business, developed capitalistic economic concepts	20
5629373908	Dante Alighieri	Italian poet who wrote the divine comedy	21
5629373909	Francesco Petrarch	One of the major literary figures of the Western Renaissance, an Italian author and humanist	22
5629373910	Erasmus of Rotterdam	A sarcastic writer that wrote "The Handbook of the Christian Knight" and "In Praise of Folly"	23
5629373911	Johann Gutenberg	Invented the printing press	24
5629373912	Giotto	Frescoe painter, founded flourentine school, realisitc poses	25
5629373913	Jan van Eyck	Flemish painter who was a founder of the Flemish school of painting	26
5629373914	Leonardo da Vinci	A well known Italian Renaissance artist, architect, musician, mathemetician, engineer, and scientist	27
5629373915	Lorenzo de Medici	Florence banker who became a patron of the arts sponsoring various renowned artists	28
5629373916	King Philip "the Fair"	Started new capital in Avignon	29
5629373917	King John	signed Magna Carta; king of England	30
5629373918	Joan of Arc	peasant girl who led french army to victory over the english in the 100 year's war	31
5629373919	Ferdinand and Isabella	king and queen of Spain; expel the Mongols	32
5629373920	The Black Death	Most massive epidemic on record.	33
5629373921	The "Fourth Crusade"	When European Christians attacked Constantinople.	34
5629373922	Renaissance	rebirth of art, culture, and intellect started in Italy	35
5629373923	The Great Western Schism	The period from 1378-1417 during which two and then three rival people claimed papal authority	36
5629373924	Hundred Years War	Series of campaigns over control of the throne of France, involving English and French royal families and French noble families.	37
5629373925	Reconquest of Iberia	Beginning in the 11th century, military campaigns by various Iberian Christian states to recapture territory taken by the Muslims.	38
5629373926	Canterbury Tales	A collection of stories written in the Middle-English by Geoffrey Chaucer at the end of the 14th century.	39
5629373927	Gothic cathedrals	Large churches originating in twelfth-century France	40
5629373928	Summa Theologica	Saint Thomas Aquinas's comprehensive systematic examination of Christian theology	41
5629373929	Divine Comedy	Book by Dante Alighieri, describes soul's progression into heaven	42