AP World History - Chapter 6 Flashcards

7650577392	Islam	A religion based on the teachings of the prophet Muhammed which stresses belief in one god (Allah), Paradise and Hell, and a body of law written in the Quran. Followers are called Muslims.	0
7650577393	Allah	Islamic God	1
7650577394	Muslim	An adherent of the Islamic religion.	2
7650577395	Muhammad	Arab prophet; founder of religion of Islam.	3
7650577396	Qur'an	The holy book containing Allah's revelations to Muhammad Book composed of divine revelations made to the Prophet Muhammad between ca. 610 and his death in 632; the sacred text of the religion of Islam.	4
7650577397	Bedouin	Arab nomads	5
7650577399	Mecca	City in western Arabia; birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad, and ritual center of the Islamic religion.	6
7650577400	Umayyad	(661-750) first ruling dynasty over the Muslim Caliphate	7
7650577401	Quraysh	Tribe of bedouins that controlled Mecca in 7th century BCE	8
7650577402	Ka'ba	one of the most revered religious shrines in pre-Islamic Arabia	9
7650577403	Medina	The city of the prophet (Muhammed)	10
7650577404	Khadijah	the widow of a wealthy merchant	11
7650577405	Ali	Muhammad's clansman	12
7650577406	Umma	the community of the faithful, transcended old tribal boundaries	13
7650577408	Five pillars	principles that must be accepted and followed by all believers, which provided the basis for an underlying religious unity	14
7650577409	Ramadan	enhanced community solidarity and allowed the faithful to demonstrate their fervor	15
7650577410	Hajj	pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca	16
7650577411	Caliph	the political and religious successor to Muhammad	17
7650577412	Abu Bakr	caliph from 632 to 634	18
7650577417	Uthman	Third caliph and member of Umayyad clan; murdered by mutinous warriors returning from Egypt; death set off civil war in Islam between followers of Ali and the Umayyad clan	19
7650577419	Mu'awiya	second caliph of Umayyad Dynasty, 660-680	20
7650577420	Sunnis	Political and theological division within Islam; supported the Umayyads	21
7650577421	Shi'a	a Muslim group that accepts only the descendants of Muhammed's son-in-law Ali as the true rulers of Islam	22
7650577422	Karbala	site of the defeat and death of Husayn, the son of Ali.	23
7650577423	Damascus	the political center of community under the Umayyads	24
7650577424	Mawali	Muslim converts	25
7650577425	Jizya	head tax	26
7650577426	Dhimmi	"people of the book"	27
7650577427	Hadiths	traditions of the prophet	28
7650577428	Abbasid	party that traced its decent from Muhammad's uncle, al-Abbas	29
7650577430	Baghdad	Abbasid capital Capital of Abbasid dynasty located in Iraq near ancient Persian capital of Ctesiphon	30
7650577431	Wazir	chief administrator and head of the caliph's inner councils	31
7650577432	Dhows	sailing vessels with lateen (triangular) sails	32