AP World History Unit 5 Terms Flashcards

6070952205	Abolish	formally put an end to (a system, practice, or institution)	0
6070952206	Absolute monarch	Rule by one person whose actions are restricted neither by written law nor by custom	1
6070952207	American Revolution	a political upheaval during which colonists in the Thirteen American Colonies rejected the British monarchy and aristocracy	2
6070952208	Assembly line	a series of workers and machines in a factory by which a succession of identical items is progressively assembled	3
6070952209	Berlin Conference 1884	a meeting between European nations to create rules on how to peacefully divide Africa among them for colonization	4
6070952210	Bloody Sunday	when unarmed demonstrators led by Father Georgy Gapon were fired upon by soldiers of the Imperial Guard as they marched in Russia	5
6070952211	Boer Wars	a war in which Great Britain fought against the Transvaal and Orange Free State	6
6070952212	Boxer Rebellions	when the Society of the Righteous and Harmonious Fists led an uprising against the spread of Western and Japanese influence	7
6070952213	British East India Company	a private company granted a trade monopoly with the East Indies by Queen Elizabeth I	8
6070952214	Capital	wealth in the form of money or other assets owned for a particular purpose	9
6070952215	Capitalism	an economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state	10
6070952216	Capitulations	the action of surrendering or ceasing to resist an opponent or demand	11
6070952217	Cartel	an association of manufacturers or suppliers with the purpose of maintaining prices at a high level and restricting competition	12
6070952218	Cecil Rhodes	a British businessman, mining magnate and politician in South Africa, who served as Prime Minister of the Cape Colony	13
6070952219	Charles Darwin	British naturalist who revolutionized the study of biology with his theory of evolution based on natural selection	14
6070952220	Commercial	concerned with or engaged in commerce/ making or intended to make a profit	15
6070952221	Communism	Advocates class war to lead to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs	16
6070952222	Communist Manifesto	an 1848 political pamphlet by German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels	17
6070952223	Congress of Vienna	a conference to provide a long-term peace plan for Europe after the French and Napoleonic Wars	18
6070952224	Constitution	a body of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is acknowledged to be governed	19
6070952225	Corporation	a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law	20
6070952226	Declaration of Independence	the formal statement written by Thomas Jefferson declaring the freedom of the thirteen American colonies from Great Britain	21
6070952227	Declaration of the Rights of Man	a fundamental document of the French Revolution and in the history of human and civil rights	22
6070952228	Doctrine		23
6070952229	Domestic		24
6070952230	Emancipation	the fact or process of being set free from legal, social, or political restrictions; liberation	25
6070952231	Emancipation of Serfs	manifesto issued by the Russian emperor Alexander II that accompanied 17 legislative acts that freed the serfs	26
6070952232	Empress Cixi	dowager empress of China who was hostile to foreign influences in China and supported the Boxer Rebellion	27
6070952233	Enclosure	an area that is sealed off with an artificial or natural barrier	28
6070952234	Enlightenment	a European intellectual movement emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition	29
6070952235	Estates-general	the legislative body in France, representing the three estates of the realm (i.e., the clergy, the nobility, and the commons)	30
6070952236	Execution of Louis XVI	by means of the guillotine, took place on 21 January 1793 at the Place de la Révolution	31
6070952237	Factory	a building or group of buildings where goods are manufactured or assembled chiefly by machine	32
6070952238	Frederich Engels	a German philosopher, social scientist, journalist, and businessman who founded Marxist theory together with Marx	33
6070952239	Free market	an economic system in which prices are determined by unrestricted competition between privately owned businesses	34
6070952240	Free trade	international trade left to its natural course without tariffs, quotas, or other restrictions	35
6070952241	Immigration	the action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country	36
6070952242	Imperialism	a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force	37
6070952243	Indemnity	security or protection against a loss or other financial burden	38
6070952244	Indian National Congress	A political party in India established in the late nineteenth century after India achieved independence from Britain	39
6070952245	Industrial Revolution	rapid development of industry that occurred in Britain brought about by the introduction of machinery	40
6070952246	Intolerable Acts	a series of British measures passed in 1774 and designed to punish the Massachusetts colonists for the Boston Tea Party	41
6070952247	Karl Marx	a philosopher and economist famous for his ideas about capitalism and communism	42
6070952248	Labor union	an organized association of workers formed to protect and further their rights and interests	43
6070952249	Laissez-faire	a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering, government not interfering with market	44
6070952250	Leisure	a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering	45
6070952251	Mahmut II	30th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1808 until his death in 1839	46
6070952252	Marxism	political and economic theories, later developed to form the basis for the theory and practice of communism	47
6070952253	Maxim Guns	the first fully automatic water-cooled machine gun, designed in Britain in 1884 and used especially in World War I	48
6070952254	Meiji Restoration	a chain of events that restored practical imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji	49
6070952255	Miguel Hidalgo	Roman Catholic priest and revolutionary leader who is called the father of Mexican independence	50
6070952256	Monopoly	the exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service	51
6070952257	Monroe Doctrine	a US policy (Monroe), any intervention by external powers in the politics of the Americas is a hostile act against the US	52
6070952258	Muhammed Ali	Albanian soldier (service of Turkey), made viceroy of Egypt, took control away from the Ottomans and established Egypt as a state	53
6070952259	Muslim League	a political party established during the early years of the 20th century in the British Indian Empire	54
6070952260	Napoleon	French general born in Corsica: emperor of France 1804-15	55
6070952261	Nationalism	an extreme form of patriotic feeling, principles, or efforts, especially marked by a feeling of superiority over other countries	56
6070952262	Nation-state	a sovereign state whose citizens or subjects are relatively homogeneous in factors such as language or common descent	57
6070952263	Natural resources	materials or substances such as minerals, forests, water, and fertile land that occur in nature/ can be used for economic gain	58
6070952264	Open Door Policy	policy proposed to keep China open to trade with all countries on an equal basis	59
6070952265	Opium Wars	a war between Great Britain and China that began in 1839 as a conflict over the opium trade and ended in 1842	60
6070952266	Otto von Bismarck	a conservative Prussian statesman who dominated German and European affairs from the 1860s until 1890	61
6070952267	Panama Canal	Waterway across the Isthmus of Panama, built from 1904-1914	62
6070952268	Raj	British sovereignty in India	63
6070952269	Reign of Terror	a period of remorseless repression or bloodshed during the French Revolution	64
6070952270	Revolution	a forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system	65
6070952271	Rudyard Kipling	English author of novels and poetry who was born in India	66
6070952272	Rural	in, relating to, or characteristic of the countryside rather than the town	67
6070952273	Russification	cultural assimilation where non-Russian communities, voluntarily or not, give up their culture and language in favor of Russia's	68
6070952274	Russ-Japanese War	904-1905 between Russia and Japan over rival territorial claims (Japan became a world power and Roosevelt made the treaty)	69
6070952275	Scramble for Africa	invasion, occupation, division, colonization and annexation of African territory by Europe during the period of New Imperialism	70
6070952276	Sepoy Mutiny (1857)	a revolt resulting in the transfer of the administration of India from the East India Company to the crown	71
6070952277	Seven Years War	between the German kingdom of Prussia + Britain, Vs Austria, France, and Russia	72
6070952278	Sino-Japanese War	between China and Japan over the control of Korea that resulted in the nominal independence of Korea	73
6070952279	Social class	a division of a society based on social and economic status	74
6070952280	Social Darwinism	the theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same laws of natural selection as plants and animals	75
6070952281	Socialism	advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community	76
6070952282	Spanish American War	A war between Spain and the United States that began as an intervention on behalf of Cuba.	77
6070952283	Spheres of Influence	a country or area in which another country has power to affect developments although it has no formal authority	78
6070952284	State Duma of Russia	the lower house of the Federal Assembly of Russia's legislature	79
6070952285	Steam Engine	an engine that uses the expansion or rapid condensation of steam to generate power	80
6070952286	Suez Canal	a sea-level canal in NE Egypt, crossing the Isthmus of Suez and linking the Mediterranean with the Red Sea	81
6070952287	Suffrage	right to vote	82
6070952288	Taiping Rebellion	a massive rebellion or civil war in China against the Qing dynasty	83
6070952289	The Diet of Japan	Japan's bicameral legislature, composed of a lower house and an upper house, elected under parallel voting systems	84
6070952290	The Jewel in the Crown	the most valuable or successful part of something	85
6070952291	Trade union	labor union of craftspeople or workers in related crafts	86
6070952292	Unequal Treaties	a series of treaties signed with Western powers by Qing dynasty China and late Tokugawa Japan after suffering military defeat	87
6070952293	Universal suffrage	the extension of voting rights to all citizens without restrictions based on sex, race, religious belief, wealth or social status	88
6070952294	Urbanization	the process of making an area more urban	89
6070952295	Utopia	an imagined place or state of things in which everything is perfect	90
6070952296	Wage labor	Relationship where the worker sells his labor power under a formal or informal employment contract	91
6070952297	Wealth of Nations	magnum opus of the Scottish economist and moral philosopher Adam Smith	92
6070952298	White Man's Burden	the task that white colonizers believed they had to impose their civilization on the black inhabitants of their colonies	93
6070952299	Witte Industrialization Program	Count Sergei Iul'evich Witte oversaw Russia's transition economy, pushed for greater exports, ambitious industrialization, and large foreign loans to modernize Russia and make it competitive	94
6070952300	Young Turks	members of a revolutionary party (Ottoman) who carried out the revolution of 1908 and deposed the sultan Abdul Hamid II	95