AP World History Period 3 Study Set Flashcards

7688656529	Byzantine Empire	The two Christian civilizations formed out of the split of the Roman Empire.	0
7688660453	The Great Schism	Another term for the split of the Roman Empire	1
7688685520	Greek Orthodoxy	A religion that follows more on the principles of the New Testament and was the primary religion of the Eastern Roman Empire.	2
7688699973	Roman Catholicism	A religion used in the Western Roman Empire that more focuses on the Old Testament and old writings	3
7688753391	Feudal Kingdoms	Eastern and Western half of the Roman Empire.	4
7688759002	Religious missionaries	Catholic persons that ventured around their half of the Empire to spread their given religion.	5
7688793381	Convert	A person of whom had been contacted by a missionary who then changed to the religion of the missionary.	6
7688811426	Social and Cultural	Religions changed in these two aspects:	7
7688819115	London, Paris, Carthage, etc.	Cities in the Western Roman Empire	8
7688824360	Alexandria, Jerusalem, Athens, etc.	Cities in the Eastern Roman Empire	9
7688828436	Islamic States and the Turks	Empires that were just getting started during the growth of the Byzantine Empire.	10
7688869007	Constantinople	The capital of the Eastern Byzantine Empire	11
7688876022	Rome	The capital of the Western Byzantine Empire	12
7688903925	The rapid growth of Islam	Greek/ Eastern Orthodox Christianity retains strength despite _______________________.	13
7688955673	Balkans	Eastern Russian peoples that came into the Eastern Byzantine Empire that helped spread Catholicism.	14
7688997967	Western Russians	Came from Western Russia that had been given the culture of politics from the Orthodox Christians.	15
7689040852	Justinian	Most influential and significant Byzantine leader	16
7689051018	Twelve Tables	Roman legal code practiced by the new Empires	17
7689058168	Original	Justinian had military gains and rebuilt the ___________ empire.	18
7689064808	North Africa and Italy	Territories Justinian gained.	19
7689089713	The Roman Legal Code	What did Justinian systemize and use?	20
7689234561	Greek	The official language of the Byzantine empire; die to the fact the New Testament was written in that language.	21
7689290757	Hagia Sophia	A Orthodox religious dome that was converted to a mosque. The light into the dome is a symbol of God.	22
7689305042	Minarets	towers to call people to prayer	23
7689307468	Mosaic	A glass reflective art; a collection of pieces.	24
7689315938	Muslim invaders	The primary concern of Byzantine leaders	25
7689318841	Greek fire	A fire in a jar that, when thrown, breaks and catches on fire; sort of like a Molotov.	26
7689343894	Muslim siege of Constantinople	711 CE; The muslim navy invaded Constantinople; the Byzantines were able to hold them off, but there were several losses in the Mediterranean.	27
7710435745	Theocracy	The imperial government; lineage is not by family.	28
7710437813	Line of Succession	Emperors all ran different style of rule; Each emperor had their own currency.	29
7710458457	Caesaropapism	When the emperors have a more direct rule over their people.	30
7710466444	Celibacy in the Roman Catholic Church	NO sexual relations until marriage.	31
7710469952	The Bible	Was written in Latin for Roman Catholics; In greek for the Orthodox Christians.	32
7710474612	Silk	The main product of China	33
7710477409	Agricultural goods of the Byzantine Empire	Supplied by the slaves	34
7710480752	developed a new education system	Literacy was quite high when they ___________________________.	35
7710483765	Gold backgrounds	Orthodox Christian representation of the sovereignty of the Church™.	36
7710496173	Hellenism	Alexander's greek empire that was founded after he conquered Greece.	37
7737349898	Islam	A monotheistic religion founded by Muhammed that has many of the basic ideals as Christianity.	38
7737366545	Muhammed	The prophet and founder of Islam, also known as "The Messenger"	39
7737383236	Allah	"God" in Arabic	40
7737406254	Bedouins	Nomadic Arabs who traveled along the deserts and spread Islam.	41
7737409738	Sheep and Camels	Animals that the Bedouins herded	42
7737431073	The Five Pillars of Islam	Five moral codes that Muslims live by	43
7737434771	Faith	The first pillar of Islam; Says that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the messenger of God.	44
7737460013	Prayer	The second pillar of Islam; Says that Muslims shall pray five times a day: at dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset, evening.	45
7737522926	Fasting	The third pillar of Islam; all able bodied muslims must fast from food, drink, and sexual intercourse, during the Month of Ramadan from sun up to sundown.	46
7737555018	Almsgiving	The fourth pillar of Islam; to donate to the poor.	47
7737588159	Hajj	The fifth pillar of Islam; all financially-able muslims must take a pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, in their lifetime to go to the Prayer Area in the center of the city.	48
7737604640	Sunni Muslims	Majority of Muslims; follow the original and general teachings of Muhammed.	49
7737611599	Shiah Muslims	Muslims that live in a more renowned lifestyle than the Sunni muslims.	50
7737636928	Caliphs	Ancient Muslim spiritual leaders	51
7737640333	Umayyad caliphs	Leaders in a specific area; for example: The Arabian Peninsula	52
7737650674	Abu Abdallah	Took control of Egypt	53
7737656238	Women in Islam	Servants of their husband and household; responsible for child rearing	54
7737689040	Quran	The muslim holy book	55
7737818939	House of Wisdom	An islamic center of intellect	56
7776542338	The Plague	A disease that killed 1/5 of the world's population in 541-542. Did not affect the Sahara because the plague cannot thrive in the extreme heat.	57
7776581563	Ibn Battuta	A Moroccan Muslim Scholar that traveled around Northern Africa and the Middle East.	58
7776599791	The Mali Empire	An empire that Ibn Battuta traded salt with	59
7776602687	Salt	The main product traded by Ibn Battuta used for food preserving.	60
7776619390	Timbuktu University	The first university in Sub-Saharan Africa in which 1/4 of the population studied; Known for it's large library and home to over 300,000 scrolls, many having to do with science.	61
7776674877	The Sand Roads	The main Trans-Saharan trade route.	62
7776681028	Caravans	A group people and camels travelling at night through the Trans-Saharan Trade Route and/or the Sand Roads; Length of their journey was about 70 days and they walked 15-20 miles a day.	63
7776705233	Camels	Owned by the first traders; Carried gold, ivory, cotton textiles, weapons, and tools to West and Sub-Saharan Africa.	64
7776791153	The Battle of Manzikert of 1071	Resulted in the loss of the Silk Road	65
7776804026	4th Crusades	The turks took the Constantine Empire resulting in the start of Islam.	66
7776917292	Hippodrome	Race tracks that Gladiators fought at in the Byzantine Empire	67
7872863047	Bantu	Primary language spoken in Pre-Islamic Africa	68
7872882065	A stateless society	Many small communities organized in a authoritarian way; didn't have a high concentration of power	69
7872891707	Nubia	An area along the Southern Nile south of Egypt with king buried in a similar way as mummies; monarchy.	70
7872900250	Meroe	The capital of the Nubian Civilization	71
7872906991	Almoravid	The muslim berbers that were from the Western Sahara; started to take power in Western Africa.	72
7872912593	Grasslands Kingdoms	The transitions between the Sahara Desert and the savannas to the south; The Kingdoms were Ghana, Mali, Songhai.	73
7872924453	Sudanic States	The reinforced Muslim areas of kingship and power	74
7872926976	Ghana	Rulers converted to Islam; They were the first Great West African Empire	75
7872935081	Mali	Broke away from Ghana and became a trading center in West Africa	76
7872941033	Mansa Musa	A king of Mali who was one of the richest individuals to ever live; gave out gold wherever he lived.	77
7872946697	Sanghai	Broke away from Mali and became a military power; Extended rule over the entire Niger River Valley	78
7872960471	Swahili Coast	A coast that enabled East Africa to be connected to Indian Ocean Trade	79
7949495357	Neo-Confucianism	The revival of Confucian thinking that incorporated not only religious beliefs like Buddhism, but social practices like Daoism.	80
7949501658	Confucianism	A practice focused on education, loyalty, and respect.	81
7949510261	Southernization	The spread of culture across Southern Asia	82
7949515842	Junks	The giant Chinese ships that were part of the Chinese Navy	83
7949525327	Gentry	A wealthy and intelligent landowner that is a teacher of Confucian ideas	84
7949532062	Tang Dynasty	Started Neo-Confucianism	85
7949541304	Song Dynasty	One of the smaller empires; They had a weaker military yet smarter citizens	86
7949549604	Dowry	A fixed payment from bride's family to the groom's family for a wedding.	87
7949567933	Anti-Buddhist Backlash	A period where Confucianism and Daoism began to override Buddhism.	88
7949575819	The Grand Canal	Built by the Sui Dynasty; Connected North and South China; Increased trade.	89
7949587671	907-960	A period of no particular importance in China in which there were 5 dynasties and 10 kingdoms	90
7949601286	589-618	The rule of the Sui Dynasty	91
7949604324	618-907	The rule of the Tang Dynasty	92
7949606765	960-1279	The rule of the Song Dynasty	93
7949609599	1279-1368	The rule of the Mongol Dynasty	94
7949612380	Mongol Dynasty	Came to China and instigated new rule	95
7949615620	206 BC- 220	The rule of the Han Dynasty	96
7949627484	The building process of the Grand Canal	Millions of peasants were angered by the forced labor. Many died.	97
7949644553	Imperial Level Bureaucracy	Ran by Executive Departments	98
7949647426	District Level Bureaucracy	Ran by regional and provincial offices	99
7949658299	Buddhism	What religion did the Tang Dynasty leaders support?	100
7949667018	Empress Wu	A female leader that supported Buddhism	101
7950024904	Sinification	A process in which Non-Chinese societies come under the influence and ideals of Chinese culture.	102
7950038860	The role of Buddhism in Korea	Grew Korea and influenced them greatly.	103
7950047973	Koryo Dynasty	A Korean dynasty that opposed the Chinese influences and rebelled, which led to the collapse.	104
7950056560	Champa Rice in Southernization	After being introduced to China, rice cultivations grew greatly and they made very elaborate and complex techniques of water control on mountain slopes. This increased Chinese population.	105
7950069631	Printing in Southernization	Developed in Buddhist monasteries; seen by the Tang Dynasty as an important technological advance	106
7950078920	Gunpowder in Southernization	Invented by the Daoists and traded along the Silk Road	107
7950089902	Compasses in Southernization	Perfected by the Chinese	108
7950094247	Porcelain in Southernization	A chinese export; traded and given as gifts.	109
7950098107	African Slaves in Southernization	Produced sugar; came in large numbers; Captured and imported by the Arabs	110
7950106908	Advances in agriculture in Southernization	Cotton industries cultivated; Indian crops such as sugar and cotton did as well	111
7950113297	Mathematics in Southernization	Indians introduced it to the Arabs; Also done by the Chinese, yet more advanced.	112
7950119089	Silver in Southernization	Mined by the Arabs; made in extremely PLENTIFUL amounts	113
7950133780	Gold in Southernization	The search for gold brought the Indians to the Malay Peninsula and even as far as Africa.	114
7963396600	Doric Columns	The basic greek column	115
7963400964	Ionic Columns	A more complex greek column with a curve at the top	116
7963405467	Corinthian Columns	The most complex of the greek columns; Has advanced art and carving on it	117
7963419548	Pagoda	A chinese temple built during the Song Dynasty; Most are Buddhist	118
7963464314	Medieval Chinese Art	Man were painting, some were ink.	119
8189608685	Daoism	A practice created by Laozi that highlights living in harmony with nature	120
8189628856	Feudalism	a system in which people were given land and protection by people of higher rank, and worked and fought for them in return	121
8189642563	600-1450	Post-Classical Era	122
8189652731	Shogun	A powerful lord or noble in Medieval/Middle Age Japan	123
8189664209	Daimyo	A noble landowner or lord in Medieval/Middle Age Japan	124
8189666265	Samurai	Warriors that protected their daimyo in Medieval/Middle Age Japan	125
8189672018	The Code of Bushido	A samurai's code of honor; The code demanded that a samurai be loyal to his lord and brave	126
8189789732	Seppuku/Hari-Kari	An act of a Samurai killing themselves for dishonor	127
8189793168	Diffusion in Asia	Korea adopted Chinese Culture and Japan about cultures from the Feudal Age of Confucian Japan	128