AP World History Chapter 18 Flashcards

9359393646	European racism	sense of European supremacy that was sparked by earlier movements of Social Darwinism. Europeans used this belief that they were better to take advantage of non-white peoples.	0
9359393647	scramble for Africa	sudden wave of conquests of Africa by European Powers (the 1880s - 1890s). Split resources between Europeans while also splitting Africans and later creating states and conflicts.	1
9359393648	Indian Rebellion	Indian mutiny sparked by cultural conflicts between British and highly contrasting Indian Hindus. Sepoy Mutiny angered British causing a direct and oppressive rule to be cast over India.	2
9359393649	Congo Free State	a period known as the worst abuse of Europe's 2nd wave of colonization. Europeans forced natives to harvest wild rubber.	3
9359393650	Leopold II	King of Belgium (1865 - 1909) the private owner of Congo Free State.	4
9359393651	cultivation system	system of forced labor used in Netherlands East Indies (19th-century). 20% ot the products from lowly farmers were sold to the government officals so they could heavily mark-up prices for optional profit (caused conflict).	5
9359393652	cash-crop agriculture	agricultural production (large-scale) for sale in markets rather than consumption by farmers. Caused famines, conflicts, environmental issues. It benefited Europeans not colonies.	6
9359393653	Wanjiku	Women who survived Mau Mau Rebellion and saw Kenya become Independent shows their strength. Lives were heavily affected by encroaching European powers evidenced by church service and her wedding ring.	7
9359393654	Western-educated elite	Main beneficiaries of African/Asian lands colonized by Western powers. Led anticolonial movements as they grew discouraged in their inability to win equal status.	8
9359393655	Africanization of Christianity	process that occurred in non-Muslim Africa where millions converted to Christianity. Maintaining older traditions with new Christian ideas making almost a new "religion".	9
9359393656	Swami Vivekananda	leading religious figure of 19th-century India. Advocate of a revived Hinduism and its mission to reach out to spiritually impoverished West.	10
9359393657	Edward Blyden	prominent West African scholar and political leader (1832 - 1912). Argued for each civilization (including Africa) that they had their own unique contribution to make to the world.	11