AP Test Flashcards

9960742785	Acculturation	Adoption of cultural traits by one group under the influence of another	0
9960767299	Architectural Structure	The style of a particular culture or society building's, which varies dramatically over space and time	1
9960786218	Artifacts, Mentifacts, and sociofacts	-material objects representing a culture -ideals that represent a culture -relationships and patterns with cultures	2
9960811400	Buddhism	Sixth century BC origination. Many traditions from Hinduism. East Asia mostly.	3
9960825406	Built Environment	Refers to spaces that have been modified by human activity.	4
9960837448	Charter Group	The first ethnic group to establish cultural norms in an area	5
9960848706	Christian Denominations in the US	Upper midwest is mostly lutheran midland states are predominantly methodist spanish catholicism in the south mormonism is dominant in Utah and surrounding parts The west is very mixed religion	6
9960874211	Christianity	Most widespread religion. Monotheistic religion with origins in Judaism. (Eastern Orthodox, Protestant, and Roman Catholic)	7
9960896168	Confucianism	Relationships between all living things and therefore stresses harmony or balance through the following of particular standard or processes.	8
9960915711	Countering Language Extinction	Native languages are trying to be revived from home countries. ex: Ireland and Wales	9
9960932303	Culture Assimilation	When integration of a new arrivals into the economic and cultural mainstream of a host city is complete (Behavioral and Structural)	10
9960956825	Cultural Imperialism	Dominance of one culture over another	11
9960962979	Culture Traits	Specific Customs that are part of everyday life. ex: language, religion, ethnicity, and social institutions.	12
9960986255	Culture	Al he ideas, practices, and material objects associated with a particular group of people.	13
9960994433	Denominations	Subgroups of a larger beliefs system that have slightly different rituals or interpretations from other subgroups	14
9961007109	Dialects	Geographically distinct versions of a single language that vary somewhat from the parent forms.	15
9961023166	Diaspora	Experiences of people who came from a common ethnic background but live in different regions or ethnic neighborhoods	16
9961032827	Diffusion	Process by which an idea or innovation is transmitted from one individual or group across space.	17
9961045924	Environmental Determinism	Culture traits are formed and controlled by environmental conditions	18
9961055711	Ethnic Cleansing and Genocide	the effort to rid a country or region of everyone of a particular ethnicity through forced migration or genocide which is permitted to kill off a whole ethnic group.	19
9961067162	Ethnic Enclaves	A relatively small area occupied by a distinct culture or ethnicity, which largely results from chain migration. ex: Chinatown	20
9961092121	Ethnic Islands	Small, rural areas settled by a single ethnic group as opposed to ethnic neighborhoods or enclaves, which are urban.	21
9961105484	Ethnic Neighborhoods	Concentration of people from the same ethnicity in certain pockets of the city. Ghettos are when these people are forced to live in certain parts of cities.	22
9961121675	Ethnic Provinces	When entire regions become associated with ethnic or racial aggregations.	23
9961128331	Ethnicity	Refers to a group of people who share a common identity.	24
9961138584	Ethnocentrism	Tendency to evaluate other cultures against the standards of ones own, implying superiority to one's ethnic group.	25
9963941132	Folk Culture	Cultural practices that form the sights, smells, sounds, and rituals of everyday existence in traditional societies in which they developed	26
9963952567	Fundamentalism vs Extremism	-strict and literal adherence to a set of beliefs/principles -violent fundamentalism	27
9963965854	Gender and Sex	socially created distinction between masculinity and felinity, while connotes biological differences between males and females	28
9963975153	Global vs Ethnic Religions	global- numerous members widespread(Christianity) Ethnic- religions appeal to small groups of people with common heritage(Hinduism)	29
9963991604	Hinduism	An ethnic religion tied to Indian culture. Oldest major religion. Caste system is an important aspect	30
9964011509	Indo-European Language Family	Language trees start with major language branches and then extend down from there. English comes from a germanic branch of indo European. Spanish comes from a latin branch of indo-european	31
9964038125	Interfaith Boundaries and Intrafaith Boundaries	inter- refers to boundaries between the worlds major faiths intra- refers to boundaries within single major faith	32
9964050018	Islam	Monotheistic religion stemming from Judaism. Allah and Muhammad was Allah's prophet. centered around southwest Asia and North Africa	33
9964051825	Islamism	Moral conservationism, literalism, and an attempt to enforce Islamic values in all aspects of life	34
9964082029	Judaism	First monotheistic religion. based on a sense of ethnic identity. Most jews live in Israel and the US	35
9964121232	Kinship	Typically describes a relationship based on blood or marriage	36
9964127661	Landscape as a text	The idea that landscapes, like books, can be written and read	37
9964139085	Language	One the oldest, most geographically diverse, and most complex cultural traits on Earth. Estimated about 5000 remaining languages, with Africa and Asia being most linguistically diverse.	38
9964175414	Language Dominance	Development of alphabets and resulting literacy traditions contributed to dominance of particular language and cultures across the globe	39
9964186111	Language Extinction	Occurs when a language is no longer in use by any living people	40
9964193438	language families	collection of many languages, all of which came from the same original tongue but have different characteristics	41
9964198292	Language groups	A set of languages with a relatively recent common origin and many similar charachteristics	42
9964207993	Lingua France	Extremely simple language that combines aspects of two or more complex languages, usually for purpose of trade. (English)	43
9964221178	Monotheistic vs polytheistic	Mono- Believes in only one god Poly- Believes in multiple gods or more than one	44
9964228620	Official Language	Language in which all government business occurs. Countries can have more than one official language.	45
9964315440	Pidgins and Creoles	When tow groups of people with different languages meet, a new language may result with characteristics from both languages Creoles are languages that were pigeons but were used frequently enough to become a creole	46
9964334568	placelessness	Loss of distinct local features in favor of standardized landscapes	47
9964351954	pop culture	conveys a notion of culture productions fueled by mass media and consumerism	48
9964363321	Possibilism	people control their own destinies and deal with various environmental factors in ways that are dynamic	49
9964373160	Religion	has a value system, includes some notion of the sacred, and includes ides about the place of humans beings in the universe.	50
9964385716	Sacred Spaces	Areas or places or religion or spiritual significance	51
9964390082	Segregation	Measure of the extent in which members of a particular minority ethnic group are not informally distributed among the total population	52
9964405926	Sense of Place	Term used to connote attachment to and comfort in a particular place.	53
9964422303	Shamanism and Animism	Local religion types, associated with particular places -fills certain jobs and conduits to the supernatural world -the world as being infused with spiritual and supernatural powers	54
9964448320	Social distance	Measure of the perceived differences between an immigrant ethnic group and the charter or host society	55
9964454388	Spread of Islam	Saudi Arabia to surrounding areas. Then diffused by relocation to Indonesia and Malaysia. Still continues to grow through relocation diffusion.	56
9964474541	Syncretism	Th development of a new cultural trait as a result of the fusion of two distinct but interacting cultures.	57
9964483200	Territoriality	Describes the attachment of individuals or social groups to a specific location to territory	58
9964491708	Toponymy	The names different cultures give to various features of the Earth, including settlements, terrain features, streams, and other land features.	59
9964510381	topophilia	"love of place"	60
9964525073	Universalizing vs Local religions	Universal religions claim global applicability and actively set new converts local religions are specific to certain areas	61
9964536597	Vernacular Regions	A perceptual religion defined by perceived unique physical and cultural characteristics in that area	62
9964561198	Worlds Major Religions	Hindu Islam Christianity Buddhism Traditional and Shamanist	63