AP Chemistry Chapter 5 Flashcards

5135820081	Different forms of energy	potential or kinetic. Potential energy comes in forms that are stored including — chemical, gravitational, mechanical, and nuclear. Kinetic energy forms are doing work — like electrical, heat, light, motion, and sound.	0
5135822163	Units in which energy is expressed	1 cal = 4.184 J 1 J = 1 km m2 / s2	1
5135824756	First law of thermodynamics	The law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system is constant; energy can be transformed from one form to another, but cannot be created or destroyed.	2
5135831233	How is the change of internal energy related to the exchanges of heat and word between a system and its surrounding?		3
5135833838	State function and its importance to themodynamics		4
5135833839	Enthalpy	a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the total heat content of a system. It is equal to the internal energy of the system plus the product of pressure and volume. the change in enthalpy associated with a particular chemical process. H=E+PV	5
5135836985	Enthalpy Diagram	Endo +++++	6
5137095704	Enthalpy Diagram	Exo ------	7
5135836986	Heat Capasity	the number of heat units needed to raise the temperature of a body by one degree.	8
5137101607	Internal energy	the change in internal energy, ΔE, is the final energy of the system minus the initial energy of the system: ΔE = Efinal − Einitial	9
5135839707	Specific heat	the heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount (usually one degree).	10
5137115235	For q - means... + means...	+ system gains heat - system loses heat	11
5137116796	For w - means... + means...	+ work done on system - work done by system	12
5135843611	Hess's Law	states that regardless of the multiple stages or steps of a reaction, the total enthalpy change for the reaction is the sum of all changes. This law is a manifestation that enthalpy is a state	13
5135845832	Standard State	the change in enthalpy when one mole of a substance in the standard state (1 atm of pressure and 298.15 K) is formed from its pure elements under the same conditions.	14
5135848535	Standard states for C, H, & O	C = 0 H = gas O = gas	15
5135850899	Standard heat of formation and which chemical reaction?	The standard enthalpy of formation or standard heat of formation of a compound is the change of enthalpy during the formation of 1 mole of the compound from its constituent elements, with all substances in their standard states at 1 atmosphere (1 atm or 101.3 kPa). =heat transferred/mass change	16
5137683876	Specific heat for water	4.184 J/g-K	17
5137061095	Is work a state function? Why or why not?	No, it doesn't produce heat	18
5137063858	What is an example of state function?		19
5137631032	Work equation	w = -PΔV	20