APES Chapter 5 Flashcards
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| 4890062894 | Mass extinction | when large numbers of species went extinct over a relatively short period of time | 0 | |
| 4890062895 | Fossils | remains of organisms that have been preserved in rock | 1 | |
| 4890062896 | Realized niche | the range of abiotic and biotic conditions under which a species lives | 2 | |
| 4890062897 | Niche generalist | species that live under a wide range of conditions | 3 | |
| 4890062898 | Niche specialist | species that live only in specific habitats | 4 | |
| 4890062899 | Range of tolerance | all species have an optimal environment in which they perform well (i.e. the limit to the abiotic conditions they can tolerate) | 5 | |
| 4890062900 | Fundamental niche | the ideal conditions for a species | 6 | |
| 4890062901 | Sympatric speciation | the evolution of one species into two species in the absence of geographic isolation, usually through the process of polyploidy (an increase in the number of sets of chromosomes) | 7 | |
| 4890062902 | Allopatric speciation | when new species are created by geographic or reproductive isolation | 8 | |
| 4890062903 | Reproductive isolation | when two (or more) populations from a single species are no longer able to reproduce | 9 | |
| 4890062904 | Geographic isolation | when a continuous population is divided into two or more smaller populations | 10 | |
| 4890062905 | Founder effect | a change in a population descended from a small number of colonizing individuals | 11 | |
| 4890062906 | Bottleneck effect | a reduction in the genetic diversity of a population caused by a reduction in its size | 12 |