AP Language Vocabulary: Writing Practice Flashcards

9700782965	Ad Hominem Argument	Latin for "to or against the person," this fallacy involves switching the argument from the issue at hand to the character of the other speaker	0
9700782966	Ad Populum (bandwagon appeal)	This fallacy occurs when evidence boils down to "everybody's doing it, so it must be a good thing to do."	1
9700782968	allusion	A direct or indirect reference to something that is commonly known. Allusions can be historical, literary, religious, or mythical.	2
9700782970	analogy	A similarity or relationship between two things. It can explain something unfamiliar by associating it with something more familiar.	3
9700782972	antithesis	A figure of speech that involves an opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in a parallel construction.	4
9700782973	Appeal to False Authority	This fallacy occurs when someone who has no expertise on a subject is cited as an authority.	5
9700782974	apostrophe	A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or personified abstraction.	6
9700782975	archaic diction	Old-fashioned or outdated choice of words	7
9700782976	asyndenton	Omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words.	8
9700782979	concession	An acknowledgement that an opposing argument may be true or reasonable.	9
9700782982	counterargument	An opposing argument to the one a writer is putting forward	10
9700782983	chiasmus	A figure of speech based on inverted parallelism. It is a rhetorical figure in which two clauses are related to each other through a reversal of terms.	11
9700782984	antimetabole	Repetition of words in reverse order; a type of chiasmus, but not all chiasmus are antimetabole.	12
9700782985	colloquialism	Slang or informality in speech or writing	13
9700782996	ethos	A speaker's expertise, knowledge, experience, sincerity, and common purpose with the audience are examples of how a speaker demonstrates they are credible and trustworthy.	14
9700782997	euphemism	a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for generally unpleasant words or concepts	15
9700783000	hyperbole	a figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement	16
9700783001	imagery	the sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions	17
9700783003	irony	the contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant; the difference between what appears to be and what is actually true.	18
9700783004	juxtaposition	placing dissimilar items, descriptions, or ideas closely together or side by side, especially for comparison or contrast.	19
9700783006	metaphor	A figure of speech using implied comparison of unlike things that can make writing more vivid, imaginative, thought-provoking, and meaningful.	20
9700783011	onomatopoeia	a figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sound of words	21
9700783012	parallelism	the grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences or paragraphs to give structural similarity	22
9700783014	pathos	a speaker's intent to inspire an emotional reaction in an audience	23
9700783015	personification	a figure of speech in which the author endows an inanimate object with human qualities or characteristics	24
9700783019	repetition	The duplication of any element of language, such as sound, word, phrase, sentence, or grammatical pattern.	25
9700783021	logos	employs logical reasoning, combining a clear idea with well-thought-out and appropriate examples and details	26
9700783026	polysyndeton	The deliberate use of multiple conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words.	27
9700783032	metonymy	a figure of speech in which something is represented by another thing that is related to it or emblematic of it.	28
9700783033	synecdoche	figure of speech that uses a part to represent the whole. Ex. "All hands on deck!"	29
9700783034	zeugma/syllepsis	The use of a word to modify two or more words when it is appropriate to use only one of them or is appropriate to use each but in a different way. Ex. "To wage war and peace" or "On his fishing trip he caught three trout and a cold."	30
9700783035	rhetorical question	a question that is asked merely for effect and does not expect a reply	31
9700783037	simile	an explicit comparison, using "like" or "as"	32
9700783049	Either/Or Fallacy (false dilemma)	In this fallacy, the speaker presents two extreme options as the only possible choices.	33
9700783050	First-hand evidence	Evidence based on something the writer knows, whether it's from personal experience or observations.	34
9700783052	periodic sentence	type of sentence that places the subordinate elements first with the main clause/primary point at the end of the sentence	35