AP Language Vocabulary Flashcards
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| 9353704588 | Ad Hominem Argument | Latin for "to or against the person," this fallacy involves switching the argument from the issue at hand to the character of the other speaker |  | 0 |
| 9353704589 | Ad Populum (bandwagon appeal) | This fallacy occurs when evidence boils down to "everybody's doing it, so it must be a good thing to do." |  | 1 |
| 9353704590 | Allegory | The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning |  | 2 |
| 9353704592 | Ambiguity | The multiple meanings of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage. |  | 3 |
| 9353704593 | Analogy | A similarity or relationship between two things. It can explain something unfamiliar by associating it with something more familiar. |  | 4 |
| 9353704594 | antecedent | The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun |  | 5 |
| 9353704595 | Antithesis | A figure of speech that involves an opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in a parallel construction. |  | 6 |
| 9353704596 | Appeal to False Authority | This fallacy occurs when someone who has no expertise on a subject is cited as an authority. |  | 7 |
| 9353704597 | Apostrophe | A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or personified abstraction. |  | 8 |
| 9353704598 | Archaic Diction | Old-fashioned or outdated choice of words |  | 9 |
| 9353704599 | Asyndenton | Omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words. |  | 10 |
| 9353704600 | Attitude | A writer's position or emotion regarding the subject of the writing. |  | 11 |
| 9353704601 | Caricature | A representation in which the subject's features are deliberately exaggerated to produce a comic or grotesque effect. |  | 12 |
| 9353704602 | Concession | An acknowledgement that an opposing argument may be true or reasonable. |  | 13 |
| 9353704603 | Connotations | Meanings or associations that readers have with a word beyond its dictionary definition. They are positive or negative. |  | 14 |
| 9353704604 | Context | The circumstances, atmosphere, attitudes, and events surrounding a text. |  | 15 |
| 9353704605 | Counterargument | An opposing argument to the one a writer is putting forward |  | 16 |
| 9353704606 | Chiasmus | A figure of speech based on inverted parallelism. It is a rhetorical figure in which two clauses are related to each other through a reversal of terms. |  | 17 |
| 9353704607 | Antimetabole | Repetition of words in reverse order. It can be a type of chiasmus, but not all chiasmus are a type of it. |  | 18 |
| 9353704608 | Colloquialism | Slang or informality in speech or writing |  | 19 |
| 9353704611 | Claim of Value | Argues that something is good or bad, right or wrong. Ex. Video games are corrupting today's youth. |  | 20 |
| 9353704612 | Claim of Policy | Proposes a change. Ex. Legalize marijuana! |  | 21 |
| 9353704614 | conceit | A fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or a surprising analogy between two dissimilar objects. |  | 22 |
| 9353704617 | diction | related to style, refers to the writer's word choices. Examples include, formal or informal, ornate or plain. |  | 23 |
| 9353704618 | didactic | Have the primary aim of teaching or instructing, especially teaching moral or ethical principals |  | 24 |
| 9353704619 | ethos | A speaker's expertise, knowledge, experience, sincerity, and common purpose with the audience are examples of how a speaker demonstrates they are credible and trustworthy. |  | 25 |
| 9353704620 | euphemism | a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for generally unpleasant words or concepts |  | 26 |
| 9353704622 | homily | This term literally means, "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice. |  | 27 |
| 9353704627 | juxtaposition | placing dissimilar items, descriptions, or ideas closely together or side by side, especially for comparison or contrast. |  | 28 |
| 9353704628 | logical fallacy | A mistake in verbal reasoning. The reasoning must be potentially deceptive. |  | 29 |
| 9353704630 | mode of discourse: exposition | writing that intends to inform and demonstrate a point | 30 | |
| 9353704631 | mode of discourse: narration | writing that tells a story or relates a series of events | 31 | |
| 9353704632 | mode of discourse: description | writing that creates sensory images, often evoking a mood or atmosphere | 32 | |
| 9353704633 | mode of discourse: argumentation | writing that takes a stand on an issue and supports it with evidence and logical reasoning | 33 | |
| 9353704634 | onomatopoeia | a figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sound of words |  | 34 |
| 9353704635 | parallelism/parallel construction/parallel structure | the grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences or paragraphs to give structural similarity |  | 35 |
| 9353704636 | parody | a work that closely imitates the style or content of another work with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule |  | 36 |
| 9353704637 | pathos | a speaker's intent to inspire an emotional reaction in an audience |  | 37 |
| 9353704641 | prose | Refers to fiction and nonfiction. Prose is written in ordinary language and most closely resembles everyday speech. |  | 38 |
| 9353704642 | repetition | The duplication of any element of language, such as sound, word, phrase, sentence, or grammatical pattern. | 39 | |
| 9353704643 | rhetoric | Greek for "orator" describes the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively |  | 40 |
| 9353704644 | logos | employs logical reasoning, combining a clear idea with well-thought-out and appropriate examples and details |  | 41 |
| 9353704645 | rhetorical appeals | The persuasive device by which a writer tries to sway the audience's attention and response to a given work. |  | 42 |
| 9353704646 | oxymoron | a paradox made up of two seemingly contradictory words |  | 43 |
| 9353704648 | polemic | An aggressive argument that tries to establish the superiority of one opinion over all others. Ex. No concession to other arguments. |  | 44 |
| 9353704649 | polysyndeton | The deliberate use of multiple conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words. |  | 45 |
| 9353704651 | Qualifier | words used to temper a claim, making it less absolute Ex. usually, probably, maybe, in most cases, most likely |  | 46 |
| 9353704652 | scheme | artful syntax; a deviation from the normal order of words |  | 47 |
| 9353704654 | trope | artful diction; a figure of speech such as metaphor, simile, hyperbole, metonymy, or synecdoche |  | 48 |
| 9353704655 | metonymy | a figure of speech in which something is represented by another thing that is related to it or emblematic of it. |  | 49 |
| 9353704656 | synecdoche | figure of speech that uses a part to represent the whole. Ex. "All hands on deck!" |  | 50 |
| 9353704657 | Zeugma | The use of a word to modify two or more words when it is appropriate to use only one of them or is appropriate to use each but in a different way. Ex. "To wage war and peace" or "On his fishing trip he caught three trout and a cold." |  | 51 |
| 9353704659 | satire | a work that targets human vices and follies, or societal institutions and conventions for reform or ridicule |  | 52 |
| 9353704661 | style | An evaluation of a sum of choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices. |  | 53 |
| 9353704662 | syllogism | A deductive system of formal logic that presents to premises--the first one called major and the second minor--that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion. |  | 54 |
| 9353704664 | syntax | the way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences |  | 55 |
| 9353704667 | tone | tone describes the author's attitude toward his or her material, the audience, or both. |  | 56 |
| 9353704668 | mood | The dominant impression or emotional atmosphere evoked by a text. Ex. Mood is how "you" feel after reading a text. |  | 57 |
| 9353704670 | rhetorical strategies | A global term that refers to all the strategies an author can use. Ex. structure, purpose, style |  | 58 |
| 9353704671 | begging the question | A fallacy in which a claim is based on evidence or support that is in doubt. It "begs" a question whether the support itself is sound. |  | 59 |
| 9353704672 | Either/Or (false dilemma) | In this fallacy, the speaker presents two extreme options as the only possible choices. |  | 60 |
| 9353704673 | First-hand evidence | Evidence based on something the writer knows, whether it's from personal experience or observations. | 61 | |
| 9353704674 | Hasty generalization | A fallacy in which a faulty conclusion is reached because of inadequate information. Ex. Smoking isn't bad for you; my aunt smoked a pack a day and lived to be 90. |  | 62 |
| 9353704675 | Hortative Sentence | Sentence that exhorts, urges, entreats, implores, or calls to action. Ex. "Let both sides explore what problem unite us..." |  | 63 |
| 9353704676 | occasion | the time and place a speech is given or a piece is written |  | 64 |
| 9353704677 | open thesis | Does not list all of the points the writer intends to cover in an essay. Ex. The popularity of the Harry Potter books demonstrates that both young and old readers value the fanciful world of wizardry. |  | 65 |
| 9353832913 | anastrophe | inversion or reversal of the usual order of words | 66 | |
| 9353842875 | anthimeria | the substitution of one part of speech to another Ex. The thunder would not peace at my bidding. | 67 | |
| 9361625436 | loose sentence | a sentence in which the main idea is followed by a series of modifying clauses | 68 | |
| 9361637045 | meiosis | understatement | 69 |