AP Language and Composition Semester 1 Terms Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images [1]
| 8580065622 | cumulative sentence | begins with an independent clause and builds (accumulates or piles up) on the idea with concrete or subjective details. . | 0 | |
| 8580065623 | independent clause | expresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence. Has both a subject and a verb. | 1 | |
| 8580065624 | dependent clause | A group of words that contain a subject and a verb but does NOT express a complete thought | 2 | |
| 8580065625 | staccato sentence | One to two words | 3 | |
| 8580065626 | telegraphic sentence | A sentence shorter than five words in length (more than two words) | 4 | |
| 8580065627 | short sentence | approximately five to ten words in length | 5 | |
| 8580065628 | medium sentence | approximately 15 to 20 words in length | 6 | |
| 8580065629 | Long and involved sentence | About 30 words or more in length | 7 | |
| 8580065630 | Ethos | Establishes Credibility | 8 | |
| 8580065631 | Pathos | Appeal to emotion | 9 | |
| 8580065632 | Logos | Appeal to logic and reason using facts, statistics, etc. | 10 | |
| 8580065633 | Metaphor (trope) | comparison of two dissimilar things as if it IS | 11 | |
| 8580065634 | Personification (trope) | Giving human characteristics to inanimate objects | 12 | |
| 8580065635 | Hyperbole (trope) | A figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or evoke humor | 13 | |
| 8580065636 | Simile (trope) | comparison of things using "like" or "as" | 14 | |
| 8580065637 | rhetorical question (scheme) | a question that expects no direct answer; used to draw attention to a point | 15 | |
| 8580065638 | synecdoche (trope) | A figure of speech in which a part is substituted for the whole. | 16 | |
| 8580065639 | diction (trope) | A writer's or speaker's choice of words | 17 | |
| 8580065640 | abstract diction (trope) | idea words and feelings NOT tangible and DO NOT appeal to the senses | 18 | |
| 8580065641 | concrete diction (trope) | provide more tangible details that appeal to the senses | 19 | |
| 8580065642 | denotation (trope) | The dictionary definition of a word | 20 | |
| 8580065643 | connotation (trope) | the emotional charge behind a word due to experience or society norms | 21 | |
| 8580065644 | parallelism (scheme) | repetition of the same grammatical structure | 22 | |
| 8580065645 | anaphora (scheme) | repetition of the same group of words at the beginning of successive clauses | 23 | |
| 8580065646 | trope | Artful diction; the use of language in a nonliteral way; also called a figure of speech. | 24 | |
| 8580065647 | Euphonious | words that are pleasing in sound | 25 | |
| 8580065648 | Cacophonous | harsh sounding words | 26 | |
| 8580065649 | scheme | artful sentence structure (syntax) | 27 | |
| 8580065650 | Parallelism of words (scheme) | repetition of the same grammatical structures in words in a sentence (Example: All of the running, jumping and screaming made the students overstimulated." | 28 | |
| 8580065651 | Parallelism of phrases (scheme) | repetition of the same grammatical structures in phrases (Example: This task can be done individually, in pairs, or in groups of four.) | 29 | |
| 8580065652 | Epistrophe (scheme) | the repetition of a word or group of words at the end of successive clauses or sentences | 30 | |
| 8580065653 | Antithesis (scheme) | a type of parallelism used to show contrast. | 31 | |
| 8580065654 | Rhetorical Mode | method of presenting a subject through writing or speech (ex: argumentation, narration, etc.) | 32 | |
| 8580065655 | Context | the historical, social, educational, environmental, etc. situation that prompts the speaker or writer to address the topic | 33 | |
| 8580065656 | Colloquial | Characteristic of ordinary conversation rather than formal speech or writing | 34 | |
| 8580065657 | Jargon | Special words, details, or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group (specialization); may be difficult for others to understand | 35 | |
| 8580065658 | Shift | change position or place; or approach of the speaker or writer | 36 | |
| 8580065659 | Levels of Diction | formal / informal / neutral | 37 | |
| 8580065660 | Illustration | use of detailed examples to make abstract or general ideas or concepts more concrete and specific. specific cases or stories which make an argument more believable. | 38 | |
| 8580065661 | Description | a detailed snapshot of an individual or situation (like describing feelings or the beauty of a flower). May evoke emotion | 39 | |
| 8580065662 | Narration | involves telling a story with a beginning, middle, and end. usually a main characters(individuals)/location a lesson or moral. establishes credibility and evokes emotion | 40 | |
| 8580065663 | Definition | Provides the specific meaning of a term or idea. provides the nature or limits | 41 | |
| 8580065664 | Comparison/Contrast | identify similarities/differences. | 42 | |
| 8580065665 | Cause/Effect | Refers to a direct relationship between events Answers the question "why did something happen, and/or what results did it have?" | 43 | |
| 8580065666 | Division/Classification | Sort ideas or information into categories make connections between topics that might seem unrelated (often uses definition) | 44 | |
| 8580065667 | Argumentation | series of statements leading to a logical conclusion Offers numerous reasons for or against the topic may outline or begin with a problem and then offer a solution | 45 | |
| 8580065668 | Process Analysis | to "break into parts" begins with a complex situation, argument, or text and breaks down the idea into separate parts | 46 | |
| 8580065669 | Individual | a single entity (person in writing) | 47 | |
| 8580065670 | Conflict | the problems or issues an individual may face | 48 | |
| 8580065671 | Social Stereotypes | generalization or conclusion drawn based on bias or personal experience/beliefs | 49 | |
| 8580065672 | Imagery | Descriptive or figurative language in a literary work; the use of language to create sensory impressions. | 50 | |
| 8580065673 | Objective Details | details that focus on facts |  | 51 |
| 8580065674 | Technical Details | are connected to a specific subject or group of individuals - details necessary | 52 | |
| 8580065675 | Subjective Details | Details that reveal the author's feelings, attitudes, or judgements. | 53 | |
| 8580065676 | Figurative Image | the use of language in presenting ideas, objects, etc. in a way that appeals to your senses | 54 | |
| 8580065677 | Position | how close the writer is to the action in time and space | 55 | |
| 8580065678 | Tone | A writer's attitude toward his or her subject matter revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization. |  | 56 |
| 8580065679 | Rhetorical Strategy | ...a device that uses words to convey meaning or to persuade | 57 | |
| 8580065680 | Plot | sequence of events in a selection | 58 | |
| 8580065681 | Pace | speed at which the writer recounts events | 59 | |
| 8580065682 | rhetorical triangle | the rhetorical situation |  | 60 |
| 8580065683 | audience (rhetorical triangle) | is complex and varied | | 61 |
| 8580065684 | Context (rhetorical triangle) | the situation that prompts the speaker or writer (Historical, Cultural, Social, Environmental, etc.) | 62 | |
| 8580065685 | Message (rhetorical triangle) | depends on context and audience | 63 | |
| 8580065686 | juxtaposition | When two or more words, phrases, images, ideas are placed close together or side by side for comparison or contrast or any other desired effect. | 64 | |
| 8580065687 | metonymy | a figure of speech in which a topic is replaced with a concept that is closely related to it | 65 | |
| 8580065688 | periodic sentence | sentence whose main clause is withheld until the end | 66 | |
| 8580065689 | alliteration | Repetition of initial consonant sounds | 67 |