AP Lang Vocab Terms Flashcards

4828666687	diction	A writer's or speaker's choice of words	0
4828666688	connotation	An idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning	1
4828666689	point of view	The position of the narrator in relation to the story, as indicated by the narrator's outlook from which the events are depicted (e.g., first person (narrator often uses pronoun "I"), second person (narrator often uses pronoun "you"), third person limited, third person omniscient, (narrator never says "I"...only pronouns such as "they", "them", "he", "she").	2
4828666690	formal language	Writing which is appropriate in serious writing and speaking situations. It avoids the use of slang, and contractions.	3
4828666691	informal language	Writing that is appropriate for personal letters, journals, and personal essays. Although it should be grammatically correct, it can include contractions and first person pronouns	4
4828666692	colloquial language	language used in conversation, not formal writing; gives a sense of familiarity or informality	5
4828666693	slang	informal, nonstandard language, often used within a particular group	6
4828666694	jargon	Special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand	7
4828666695	bathos	an abrupt transition in style from the elevated/formal to the commonplace, producing a laughable effect; an anticlimax	8
4828666696	concrete language	Language that describes specific, observable things, people, or places, rather than ideas or qualities that can be perceived through the senses	9
4828666697	figurative language	A form of language use in which writers and speakers convey something other than the literal meaning of their words.	10
4828666698	syntax	Arrangement of words in phrases and sentences...including word order, punctuation, or word patterns.	11
4828666699	antecedent	The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun.	12
4828666700	alliteration	Repetition of initial consonant sounds	13
4828666701	assonance	Repetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity	14
4828666702	parallel structure	Also called "balanced phrases/sentences", it is the repetition of the same grammatical structure (ex: She will go hiking, biking, and swimming tomorrow. The 'ing' verb structure repeats...even though the words themselves don't repeat).	15
4828666703	catalog	A list of things, people, or events.	16
4828666704	ellipsis	omission of words from a text; the meaning can be understood without them (ex: "I grabbed two sodas, and Bill [grabbed] one." The word in [brackets] is omitted but is still understood).	17
4828666705	inversion	A reversal of the usual order of words.	18
4828666706	periodic sentence	The opposite of cumulative sentence, it is a sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end (near the period...get it?). (Example: After a long, bumpy flight and multiple delays, I arrived at the San Diego airport.)	19
4828666707	cumulative sentence	The opposite of a periodic sentence, it is a sentence that completes the main idea at the beginning of the sentence and then builds and adds on with additional clauses/phrases. (Ex: I arrived at the San Diego airport after a long, bumpy flight and multiple delays.)	20
4828666708	repetition	The duplication, either exact or approximate, of any element of language, such as a sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical pattern.	21
4828666709	anaphora	Repetition of a word or words at the beginning of two or more successive verses, clauses, or sentences	22
4828666710	clause	A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb. (Ex: "whenever you [subject] swim [verb] in the pool")	23
4828666711	independent clause	A clause that can stand alone as a sentence with a subject and verb.	24
4828666712	dependent clause (subordinate clause)	this clause contains a noun and a verb but is set up with a subordinate conjunction, which makes the clause an incomplete thought	25
4828666713	simple sentence	A sentence consisting of one independent clause and no dependent clauses	26
4828666714	compound sentence	two or more independent clauses joined by a conjunction (FANBOYS: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so), or a semi-colon	27
4828666715	complex sentence	A sentence with only one independent clause, and at least one (or more) dependent clause(s). (The example photo has a dependent, then independent clause).	28
4828666716	compound-complex sentence	contains two or more independent clauses, and at least one dependent clause	29
4828666717	antithesis	An opposition or contrast of ideas that is often expressed in parallel phrases or clauses. (Ex: You are easy on the eyes, but hard on the heart.)	30
4828666718	antimetabole	the words in one phrase or clause are repeated, exactly or closely, in reverse grammatical order in the next phrase or clause (A-B, B-A: For example, "And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country")	31
4828666719	polysyndeton	the opposite of 'asyndeton', it is the deliberate over-use of conjunctions in close succession. (Ex: "he ran and jumped and laughed for joy")	32
4828666720	asyndeton	the opposite of 'polysyndeton', leaving out conjunctions between words, phrases, clauses (see what I did there?)	33
4828666721	zeugma	the use of a word to modify two or more other words, but used for different meanings--it can be a verb applied to two separate objects, or an adjective applied to more than one noun. "He close the door and his heart on his lost love."	34
4828666722	metaphor	A comparison of two things that are basically unlike but have some qualities in common.	35
4828666723	simile	A comparison between two unlike things using "like", "as" or "than".	36
4828666724	metonymy	A figure of speech in which a word represents something else which it suggests. (Ex: The pen is mightier than the sword. -- 'pen' represents diplomacy, and 'sword' represents violence)	37
4828666725	synecdoche	a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa	38
4828666726	personification	A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes	39