Ap English Language and Composition Flashcards

8029844538	Allegory	A story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.	0
8029844539	Alliteration	the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words	1
8029844540	Allusion	A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known.	2
8029846450	Ambiguity	The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage	3
8029846451	analogy	a comparison between two things, typically for the purpose of explanation or clarification	4
8029848916	antecedent	The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun. ex: a long explanation of an idea denounced to "it"	5
8029853746	antithesis	the opposition or contrast of ideas: the direct opposite. Example "hatred stirs up strife, but love covers all sins"	6
8029853747	aphorism	A pithy observation that contains a general truth ex: the saying "if it ain't broke, don't fix it"	7
8029855684	apostrophe	a figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction. It is addresses to someone or something that cannot answer.	8
8029855685	atmosphere	the pervading tone or mood of a place, situation, or work of art. Frequently to foreshadow events	9
8029858179	caricature	a picture, description, or imitation of a person or thing in which certain striking characteristics are exaggerated in order to create a comic or grotesque effect.	10
8029858180	clause	a grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb.	11
8029860742	colloquial/colloquialism	The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing.	12
8029860743	conceit	a fanciful expression in writing or speech; an elaborate metaphor -displays intellectual cleverness	13
8029860744	connotation	The non-literal, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning. example: the word "discipline" has unhappy connotations of punishment and repression	14
8029862863	denotation	The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color. example: denotation of a knife would be a utensil used to cut; the connotation of a knife might be fear, violence, anger, etc.	15
8029862864	diction	style of the author, such as authors word choice. their accuracy and clearness.	16
8029862865	didactic	didactic words have the primary aim of teaching or instructing. mainly ethical or moral principles	17
8029864715	euphemism	more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept	18
8029864716	extended metaphor	A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work	19
8029866924	figurative language	writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid	20
8029868509	figure of speech	A device used to produce figurative language in a non-literal sense for rhetorical or vivid effect. ex: apostrophe, hyperbole	21
8029868510	generic conventions	describes traditions for each genre. ex: they differentiate an essay and journalistic writing	22
8029868511	genre	The major category into which a literary work fits.	23
8029868538	homily	means "sermon", it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice.	24
8029871018	hyperbole	A figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement. opposite: understatement	25
8029871019	imagery	The sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions ex: a rose may present visual imagery while also representing the color in a woman's cheeks and/or symbolizing some degree of perfection	26
8029873750	inference/infer	to draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented.	27
8029873751	invective	an emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language.	28
8029875435	irony/ironic	the contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant, or the difference between what appears to be and what is actually true	29
8029875436	litotes	a form of understatement that involves making an affirmative point by denying its opposite. opposite of hyperbole. "it isn't very serious. I have thus tiny little tumor on the brain"	30
8029877869	loose sentence/ non-periodic sentence	a type of sentence in which the main idea comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases or clauses. example: I arrived at the San Diego airport after a long, bumpy ride and multiple delays. Could stop at: I arrived at the San Diego airport.	31
8029877870	metaphor	A figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substation of one for the other, suggesting some similarity.	32
8029879502	metonymy	A figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. Example: "the White House declared" rather than "the President declared"	33
8029879503	mood	The prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of work.	34
8029883199	narrative	The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events.	35
8029884849	onomatopoeia	A figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words.	36
8029884850	oxymoron	A figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox. example: jumbo shrimp	37
8029886843	paradox	A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or oppose to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity.	38
8029886844	parallelism	The grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity.	39
8029891461	parody	A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.	40
8029891462	pedantic	An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly bookish. "show-offy" (using big words for the sake of using big words)	41
8029891463	periodic sentence	A sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. example: (After a long, bumpy flight and multiple delays, I arrived at the San Diego airport)	42
8029893452	personification	A figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions	43
8029893453	point of view	the perspective in which a story is told	44
8029893454	prose	prose refers to fiction and non-fiction. In prose the printer determines the length of the line; in poetry, the poet determines the length of the line.	45
8029895907	repetition	the action of repeating something that has already been said or written	46
8029897253	rhetoric	the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques.	47
8029897254	rhetorical modes	The variety, the conventions, and the purposed of the major kinds of writing.	48
8029899754	sarcasm	involves bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something. well done it can be witty and insightful, when poorly done, it is simply cruel.	49
8029899755	satire	A work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and conventions for reform and ridicule.	50
8029899756	semantics	The branch of linguistics and logic concerned with meaning., their historical and psychological developments, their connotations, and their relation to one another.	51
8029899771	style	1)The sum of choices the author makes. 2)Classification of authors to a group and comparison of an author to similar authors.	52
8029902117	subject complement	A adjective, noun, or pronoun that follows a linking verb. ex: Brandon is a gifted athlete	53
8029902118	subordinate clause	begins with a subordinate conjunction or a relative pronoun and will contain both a subject and a verb. This combination of words will not form a complete sentence. It will instead make a reader want additional information to finish the thought. Ex: "After Amy sneezed all over the tuna salad"	54
8029903967	syllogism	A deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises (major and minor) that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion. ex: Major premise: All men are mortal Minor premise: Socrates is a man. Therefore: Socrates is a mortal	55
8029903968	symbol/symbolism	Anything that represents itself and stands for something else. Typically representing something more abstract	56
8029905952	synecdoche	A figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa. ex: to refer to a car as "wheels"	57
8029905953	synesthesia	When one kind of sensory stimulus evokes the subjective experience of another.	58
8029908107	syntax	The way the author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences. Similar to diction but diction refers to the individual words while syntax refers to a group of words	59
8029909918	theme	the central idea or message of the work	60
8029909919	thesis	The sentence or group of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or position.	61
8029909920	tone	describes the authors attitude toward his material, the audience, or both.	62
8029909921	transition	A word or phrase that links different ideas.	63
8029912227	understatement	the ironic minimizing of fact	64
8029915710	wit	intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights. Historically, meant basic understanding.	65