AP P UNIT 3 Flashcards
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| 5691711776 | case study | carefully drawn biography that may be obtained through interviews, questionnaires, and psychological tests pro: provides more depth: better understanding of an individual con: might not be representative of other people/ whole population | 0 | |
| 5691730829 | naturalistic observation | watching test subjects, observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation pro: illuminates behavior; descriptions can be revealing con: might not get enough data | 1 | |
| 5691735935 | survey | technique by self-reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of the group pro: quick data, easy to conduct/analyze con: unrepresentative, biased, mis worded | 2 | |
| 5691799662 | correlational research | trying to determine if there is a relationship between the 2 variables - a similarity between them, not a difference between pros: how closely two things vary together cons: can show a lot of the correlations but that doesn't necessarily show cause/ effect (correlation≠causation) | 3 | |
| 5691818922 | causation | correlation does not equal | 4 | |
| 5691824657 | experimental research | do experiments pros: can show cause/ effect cons: tends to be expensive; might not be ethical | 5 | |
| 5691883322 | correlation efficient | measures the strength of correlation strongest = 1.0 weakest = -1.0 no rel = 0 * pick # closest to either -1 or +1 !! | 6 | |
| 5692049302 | hypothesis | a testable prediction, often implied by a theory | 7 | |
| 5692065998 | independent variable | experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied ex: If a scientist conducts an experiment to test the theory that a vitamin could extend a person's life-expectancy, then: this is the amount of vitamin that is given to the subjects within the experiment | 8 | |
| 5692070676 | dependent variable | outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable ex: If a scientist conducts an experiment to test the theory that a vitamin could extend a person's life-expectancy, then: This, or the variable being affected by the independent variable, is life span. | 9 | |
| 5692105332 | experimental group | in an experiment, the group exposed to the treatment ex: In a breast feeding experiment, this would involve promoting breastfeeding (independent variable) and intelligence score, age 6 (dependent variable) | 10 | |
| 5692108445 | control group | in an experiment, the group not exposed to the treatment ex: In a breast feeding experiment, this would involve not promoting breastfeeding (independent variable) and intelligence score, age 6 (dependent variable) | 11 | |
| 5692121809 | median | "middle" value in the list of numbers to find - numbers have to be listed in numerical order | 12 | |
| 5692138707 | mode | the value that occurs most often. If no number is repeated, then this is not occuring | 13 | |
| 5692146674 | mean | the "average", where you add up all the numbers and then divide by the number of numbers | 14 | |
| 5692156793 | standard deviation | measure of the variability of a distribution, obtained by the formula: square root (sum of d^2/N). we have a "standard" way of knowing what is normal, and what is extra large or extra small. Rottweilers are tall dogs. And Dachshunds are a bit short | 15 | |
| 5692172167 | normal distribution | bell shape 68, 95, 99.7 rule | 16 | |
| 5692235964 | skewed distribution | distribution is skewed if one of its tails is longer than the other. There can be a positive and negative distribution. whale tail |  | 17 |
| 5712423259 | confounding variable | variable in an experiment that is uncontrollable | 18 |