AP Biology - Photosynthesis Flashcards

5406106435	photoautotrophs	organisms that produce their own food using light energy - plants, protists, and algae	0
5406106436	mesophyll	inner tissue of a leaf, contain many chloroplasts	1
5406106437	stroma	fluid that fills the inner area of a chloroplast	2
5406106438	thylakoids	found in stacks in the chloroplast where the light reactions occur. Disk-shaped sacks.	3
5406106439	grana	stacks of thylakoids	4
5406106440	chlorophyll	pigment that absorbs light energy to power the light reactions of photosynthesis	5
5406106441	stomata	pores in the epidermis of a leaf that allow water to leave the plant and carbon dioxide to enter it	6
5406106442	light dependent reactions	reactions that use water to create ATP and NADPH for use in the calvin cycle	7
5406106443	NADP+	an electron acceptor that is reduced and is used to fuel the calvin cycle	8
5406106444	calvin cycle	the series of reactions where ATP and NADPH are used to form G3P which is then used to form glucose and other organic molecules	9
5406106445	carbon fixation	reaction that uses co2 to make PGA (involves enzyme Rubisco)	10
5406106446	absorption spectrum	the range of wavelengths absorbed by a particular pigment	11
5406106447	chloroplast	the organelle where photosynthesis takes place	12
5406106448	products of light reactions	NADPH + ATP + O2	13
5406106449	reactants of calvin cycle	NADPH + ATP + CO2	14
5406106450	water	this molecule is split during the light reactions to replace electrons lost from Photosystem II	15
5406106451	photosystem II	The location of water splitting. Electrons from here move down an electron transport chain, so that chemiosmosis can produce ATP.	16
5406106452	p700	this is the special chlorophyll that is located in photosystem I	17
5406106453	p680	this is the special chlorophyll that is located in photosystem II	18
5406106454	chemoautotroph	organisms that produce their own food using inorganic materials - thermophilic Archaea	19
5406106455	guard cells	cells responsible for opening and closing stomata	20
5406106456	photorespiration	process where o2 gets substituted for CO2 in the calvin cycle	21
5406106457	c3 plants	these plants have stomata open during the day and are most efficient in cool/moist conditions in normal light	22
5406106458	c4 plants	these plants have stomata open during the day, but barely open on hot days, work best in high temps; use H20 better	23
5406106459	CAM plants	these plants only have stomata open at night, convert co2 to an acid that is then broken down during the day - work well in dry conditions	24
5406109476	Light Dependent Reactions (image)		25
5406111800	Calvin Cycle (image)		26
5406113850	Chloroplast (image)		27
5406115786	Photosynthesis equation		28
5406119631	Stomata (image)		29
5454865169	Malate	Acid made by C4 plants in mesophyll cells. Stored by CAM plants at night inside vacuoles.	30
5454880644	C4 Plant examples	Corn, sugarcane, some turf grasses	31
5454887541	CAM Plant examples	Cactus, pineapple trees, Aloe	32
5454891997	Non-cyclic Electron Flow	Electrons move from water to Photosystem II to Photosystem I (NORMAL Light Reactions)	33
5454903927	Cyclic Electron Flow	Electrons from Photosystem I establish a H+ gradient to make ATP. NADPH is NOT made. Water is NOT split.	34