AP Government Chapter 14 Flashcards

4758173914	Bureaucracy	According to Max Weber, a hierarchical authority structure that uses talk specialization, operates on the merit principle, and behaves with impersonality.	0
4758173915	Patronage	One of the key inducements used by party machines. A patronage job, promotion, or contract i one that is given for political reasons rather than for merit or competence alone.	1
4758174400	Pendleton Civil Service Act	Passes in 1883, an act that created a federal civil service so that hiring and promotion would be based on merit rather than patronage.	2
4758174401	Civil Service	A system of hiring and promotion based on the merit principle and the desire to create a nonpartisan government service.	3
4758175039	Merit Principle	The idea that hiring should be based on entrance exams and promotion ratings to produce administration by people with talent and skill.	4
4758177222	Hatch Act	federal law prohibiting government employees from active participation in partisan politics while on duty or for employees in sensitive positions at any time.	5
4758177223	Office of Personal Management (OPM)	The office in charge if hiring for most agencies of the federal government, using elaborate rules in the process.	6
4758177272	GS (General Schedule) Rating	A schedule for federal employees, ranging from GS 1 to GS 18, by which salaries can be keyed to rating and experience.	7
4758178804	Senior Executive Service	An elite cadre of about 9,000 government managers at the top of the civil service system.	8
4758178805	Independent Regulatory Commission	A regulatory agency with responsibility for making and enforcing rules to protect the public interest in some sector of the economy and for judging disputes over these rules.	9
4758179527	Government Corporation	A government organization that, like business corporations, provides a service that could be delivered by the private sector and typically charges for its services. The U.S. Postal Service is an example.	10
4758179528	Independent Executive Agency	The government agencies not accounted for by cabinet departments, independent regulatory commissions by the president and serve at the president's pleasure. NASA is an example.	11
4758179971	Policy Implementation	The stage of policymaking between the establishment of a policy and the consequences of the policy for the people affected. Implementation involves translating the goals and objectives of a policy into an operating, ongoing program.	12
4758181490	Standing Operating Procedures	Better known as SOPs, these procedures for everyday decision making enable bureaucrats to bring efficiency and uniformity to the running of complex organizations. Uniformity promotes fairness ad makes personnel interchangeable.	13
4758181491	Administrative discretion	The authority of administrative actors to select among various responses to a given problem. Discretion is greatest when routines, or standard operating procedures, do not fit a case.	14
4758181616	Street-level Bureaucrats	A phrase referring to those bureaucrats who are in constant contact with the public and have considerable administrative discretion.	15
4758183076	Regulation	The use of governmental authority to control or change some practice in the private sector.	16
4758183655	Deregulation	The lifting of government restrictions on business industry, and professional activities.	17
4758184039	Command and Control Policy	The typical system of regulation whereby government tells business how to reach certain goals, checks that these commands are followed, and punishes offenders.	18
4758184508	Incentive System	An alternative to command-and-control, with market-like strategies such as rewards used to manage public policy.	19
4758184509	Executive Orders	Regulations originating with the executive branch. Executive orders are one method presidents can use to control the bureaucracy.	20
4758186117	Iron Triangles	Also known as subgovernments, a mutually dependent, mutually advantageous relationship between bureaucratic agencies, interest groups, and congressional committees or subcommittees. Iron triangles dominate some areas of domestic policymaking.	21