AP Human Unit 3 Flashcards
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| 8389427151 | Assimilation | Complete blending of a cultural group into a host society, resulting in the loss of all distinctive traits; this can be voluntary or forced. (Leaving old behind) Ex. Cherokee and European settlers | 0 | |
| 8389427152 | Culture | The body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together constitute a groups distinct tradition. | 1 | |
| 8389427153 | Folk Culture | Culture traditionally practiced by a small homogeneous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups Ex. Amish | 2 | |
| 8389427154 | Material Culture | The tangible, physical items produced and used by members of a specific culture group and reflective of their traditions, lifestyles and technologies. Ex. Clothing, Food, Housing | 3 | |
| 8389427155 | Popular Culture | Found in large heterogeneous societies that share certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics. Ex. Pop music | 4 | |
| 8389427156 | Hearth | Heartland, source area, innovation center Ex. Hip hop originated in Bronx | 5 | |
| 8389427157 | Ethnic Enclave | A small area occupied by a minority culture Ex. Chinatown | 6 | |
| 8389427158 | Diffusion | The spread of ideas, objects, or traits from one culture to wider areas Ex. Spread of religion, new technologies | 7 | |
| 8389427159 | Acculturation | Process of holding on to older traditions while adapting to a new culture Ex. immigrants in U.S. borrowing American traditions such as Christmas and Santa | 8 | |
| 8389427160 | Taboo | A restriction on behavior imposed by social custom. Ex. Can not eat pork if Muslim, cannot eat cow if Hindu | 9 | |
| 8389427161 | Habit | A repetitive act performed by a particular individual Ex. Wearing jeans or leggings every day | 10 | |
| 8389427162 | Custom | Practice routinely followed by a group of people. | 11 | |
| 8389427163 | Apartheid | Laws (no longer in effect) in South Africa that physically separated different races into different geographic areas | 12 | |
| 8389427164 | Balkanization | Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities Ex. The Balkans, the area of former Yugoslavia | 13 | |
| 8389427165 | Balkanized | A small geographic area that could not successfully be organized into one or more stable states because it was inhabited by many ethnicities with complex, long-standing antagonisms toward each other Ex. former Yugoslavia area | 14 | |
| 8389427166 | Blockbusting | A process by which real estate agents convince white property owners to sell their houses at low prices because of fear that black families will soon move into the neighborhood | 15 | |
| 8389427167 | Centripetal Force | An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state Ex. nationalism | 16 | |
| 8389427168 | Ethnic Cleansing | A purposeful policy designed by one ethnic or religious group to remove by violent or terror-inspiring means the civilian population of another ethnic or religious group from certain geographic areas Ex. Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Croatia | 17 | |
| 8389427169 | Ethnoburb | A suburb with a concentration of a particular ethnic group | 18 | |
| 8389427170 | Ethnicity | Identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth Ex. Han (major group in East Asia, especially China) | 19 | |
| 8389427171 | Genocide | The mass killing of a group of people in an attempt to eliminate the entire group from existence Ex. Rwanda, Sudan, Holocaust | 20 | |
| 8389427172 | Nationality | Identity with a group of people who share legal attachment and personal allegiance to a particular country Ex. American citizens | 21 | |
| 8389427173 | Race | Identify with a group of people who are perceived to share a physiological trait, such as skin color Ex. "White", "Black", etc. | 22 | |
| 8389427174 | Racism | Belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race Ex. 1960s | 23 | |
| 8389427175 | Racist | A person who subscribes to the beliefs of racism. Ex. people in KKK | 24 | |
| 8389427176 | Sharecropper | A person who works fields rented from a landowner and pays the rent and repays loans by turning over to the landowner a share of the crops. Ex. African Americans after Civil War | 25 | |
| 8389427177 | Triangular Slave Trade | A practice, primarily during the eighteenth century, in which European ships transported slaves from Africa to Caribbean islands, molasses from the Caribbean to Europe, and trade goods from Europe to Africa. P.S.- I apologize to the owner of this quizlet if you don't like my edits or anyone else's. |  | 26 |
| 8389427178 | Dialect | A particular form of a language that is particular to a specific region or social group. Ex. Appalachian English | 27 | |
| 8389427179 | Extinct Language | Language that no longer has any speakers or no longer in current use. | 28 | |
| 8389427180 | Isogloss | A geographic boundary line showing the area in which a certain word is used to describe something Ex. Area in U.S. where people say soda, pop, or coke | 29 | |
| 8389427181 | Isolated Language | A language not related to any other and not part of a language family Ex. Basque (only vigorous language of this type in Europe) | 30 | |
| 8389427182 | Language Branch | A subsection of a language family. Ex. Celtic | 31 | |
| 8389427183 | Language | The method of human communication either spoken or written Ex. Cantonese | 32 | |
| 8389427184 | Language Group | Languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary. Ex. West Germanic | 33 | |
| 8389427185 | Language Family | Languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history Ex. Sino-Tibetan, Indo-European | 34 | |
| 8389427186 | Lingua Franca | A language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages Ex. English | 35 | |
| 8389427187 | Literary Tradition | A language that is written as well as spoken Ex. Chinese | 36 | |
| 8389427188 | Multilingual | The ability to speak multiple languages | 37 | |
| 8389427189 | Official Language | The language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents. Ex. In Canda, it is both French and English | 38 | |
| 8389427190 | Pidgin Language | Language that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca mixed with own language used for communications among speakers of two different languages. | 39 | |
| 8389427191 | Standard Language | Dialect used for official government business, education, and mass communications. | 40 | |
| 8389427192 | Creole | A mother tongue formed from the mixing of two languages through an earlier pidgin stage Ex. French and Haitian | 41 | |
| 8389427193 | Ebonics | African American Vernacular English (AAVE) dialect spoken by some African Americans | 42 | |
| 8389427194 | Institutional Language | Language used in education, work, mass media and government and sometimes as official language Ex. English | 43 | |
| 8389427195 | Developing Language | Language used daily for face-to-face communication, includes a standard written expression, but not used by people all the time | 44 | |
| 8389427196 | Subdialect | Broken down version of dialects, usually very close to each other but may differ in pronunciation of local words. | 45 | |
| 8389427197 | Vulgar Latin | Language spoken in Rome more than 2,000 years ago that spread through conquest | 46 | |
| 8389427198 | Religion | Commitment or devotion to religious faith or observance Ex. Shintoism | 47 | |
| 8389427199 | Monotheism | Belief in only one god Ex. Islam, Judaism | 48 | |
| 8389427200 | Polytheism | Belief in more than one god Ex. Hinduism | 49 | |
| 8389427201 | Animistic Religion | Belief that inanimate objects, such as elements of the natural landscape, possess souls and can help or hinder human efforts on Earth Ex. some African religions, "Colors of the Wind"? | 50 | |
| 8389427202 | Universalizing Religion | A religion that appeals to all people Ex. Christianity, Islam | 51 | |
| 8389427203 | Ethnic Religion | A religion that is particular to one, culturally distinct, group of people. Ex. Hinduism | 52 | |
| 8389427204 | Indigenous | adj. native to a certain area Ex. Aboriginals, Native Americans | 53 | |
| 8389427205 | Religious Fundamentalism | Literal interpretation and strict adherence to what they define as basic principles of a religion Ex. Taliban, Amish | 54 | |
| 8389427206 | Sustainability | The ability to keep in existence or maintain. | 55 | |
| 8389427207 | Nationalism | Loyalty and devotion to a particular nationality Ex. Patriotism | 56 | |
| 8389427208 | Topography | Physical features of a place or region Ex. mountains or deserts | 57 | |
| 8389427209 | Uniform Landscape | Landscapes bearing the same or similar characteristics as a result of popular culture Ex. Fast food restaurants | 58 | |
| 8389427210 | Colonialism | the policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically Ex. the British | 59 | |
| 8389427211 | Imperialism | A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. Ex. the British and conquest | 60 | |
| 8389427212 | Indigenous language | The native language of a people in an area. | 61 | |
| 8389427213 | Logograms | A symbol that represents a word rather than a sound Ex. Chinese character for fire, rice field, etc. | 62 | |
| 8389427214 | Proto-Indo-European Language | Hypothetical common ancestor of the Indo-European language family | 63 | |
| 8389427215 | Adherents | Followers of a religion | 64 | |
| 8389427216 | Agnosticism | A person who claims neither faith nor disbelief in God. | 65 | |
| 8389427217 | Atheism | Belief that there is no God | 66 | |
| 8389427218 | Autonomous Region | A region that does not have a central authority but shares ideas and cooperates informally. Ex. Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland | 67 | |
| 8389427219 | Religious Branch | A large and fundamental division within a religion. Ex. Lutheran, Orthodox, Shia, Shiite | 68 | |
| 8389427220 | Congregation | A group of people assembled for religious worship | 69 | |
| 8389427221 | Cosmogony | A set of religious beliefs concerning the origin of the universe. Ex. God created everything | 70 | |
| 8389427222 | Denomination | Subgroup within a religion. | 71 | |
| 8389427223 | Hierarchical Religion | A religion in which a central authority exercises a high degree of control Ex. Pope in Roman Catholic, Orthodox | 72 | |
| 8389427224 | Pilgrimage | A journey to a place considered sacred for religious purposes. Ex. Hindus traveling to Ganges River and bathing there | 73 | |
| 8389427225 | Proselytism | Attempt to convert a person or group from one religion to another | 74 | |
| 8389427226 | Secularism | A doctrine that rejects religion and religious considerations. | 75 | |
| 8389427227 | Syncretic | One that combines elements of different religions Ex. Chinese traditional | 76 | |
| 8389427228 | Centrifugal Force | Force that divides people and countries Ex. multiple ethnicities and languages | 77 | |
| 8389427229 | Ghetto | A segregated ethnic area within a city. Ex. African Americans, Jews in WWII | 78 | |
| 8389427230 | Identity | How one defines themselves Ex. Atheist, Han, American citizen | 79 | |
| 8389427231 | Zionism | A policy for establishing and developing a national homeland for Jews in Palestine. | 80 |