AP World History midterm Flashcards

8392636211	Grand Canal	connected the Huang He and Yangtze River basins	0
8392648637	Ka' Bah	Islam's holiest shrine	1
8392650831	Medina	city of the prophet	2
8392653570	Allah	Arabic word for God	3
8392670968	Mandate of Heaven	gave Chinese rulers the right to rule	4
8392688007	What ended the Viking era and when?	The Battle of Hastings; 1066 CE	5
8392696420	Steps for knighthood:	Age 7- become a page (live in castle and learn) Age 14- become a squire (accompany a knight) Age 21- can become a knight, but it was expensive	6
8392725737	Ahimsa	Hindu belief in the non-injury of any living creature	7
8392746194	After Rome fell...	the eastern half of the empire survived for another 1000 years as the Byzantine Empire	8
8392760960	Attila the Hun	savage leader of an Asiatic tribe that pushed the Germans into the Roman Empire	9
8392772538	Zealots	Hebrews who wanted to use armed resistance against the Romans	10
8392791547	What did all the Barracks Emperors have in common	they were all generals	11
8392803880	Latifundia	large estates in ancient Rome	12
8392813887	Strongest Germanic tribe	the Franks	13
8392819130	What did the Greeks call non-Greek speaking people?	Barbaroi	14
8392827771	Pax Romana	period of peace in Roman Empire from 27 BCE to 180 CE	15
8392838723	Hippocrates	founder of modern medicine	16
8392846227	Nebuchadnezzar	built the Hanging gardens of Babylon	17
8392859134	What was Sumerian writing called?	cuneiform	18
8392861699	Moses	led the Hebrews back to the Promised Land	19
8392865167	Pericles	leader of Athens and the Delian League from 461-429 BCE	20
8392877696	Anthropology	study of human life and culture	21
8392882469	Lucy	skeleton found found by Donald Johanson's team; earliest example of humanlike beings that walked upright	22
8392897416	Etesian winds	winds that blew up the Nile River, making transportation easy	23
8392909142	Jean Frances Champollion	used Rosetta Stone (tablet written in different languages) to decipher Egyptian writing	24
8392926798	What did the Chinese call their land?	Chung Kuo	25
8392931075	Loess	rich yellow topsoil that flowed in Yellow (Huang He) River	26
8392947822	When was the Great Wall of China built?	the Qin Dynasty	27
8392953933	Mother of Mesoamerican culture	the Olmec Civilization	28
8392966145	Magna Carta	most celebrated English document; guaranteed basic rights including that the king is not above the law	29
8392984730	Cyrillic alphabet	basis of many east European alphabets, including Russia	30
8392993023	Justinian	greatest Byzantine emperor	31
8393000077	When was China's golden age?	the Tang Dynasty	32
8393026386	What prevented the Chinese from expanding further into the Muslim world, and when?	The Battle of Talas; 751 CE	33
8393118804	Approximate size of Tang dynasty	Larger than both Han and modern-day China	34
8393134855	Did Vietnam accept Chinese influence?	no, Vietnam resisted Chinese influence because it wanted to keep its own culture	35
8393174829	Were monasteries useful as banks during the Middle Ages?	no	36
8393174830	Bedouins	Arab tribes of nomadic herders	37
8393180534	Issac	son of Abraham; from whom the Hebrews are descended	38
8393197343	Suras	chapters in the Islamic holy book	39
8393202420	Koran	book in which Muhammad's words are recorded	40
8393211259	Mecca	religious capital for Muslims	41
8393218108	Eightfold Path	forms part of the beliefs of Buddhists	42
8393231413	What were the Phoenicians famous for making?	purple dye	43
8393235266	What did the Phoenicians make their purple dye out of?	a shellfish called murex	44
8393242203	Who discovered America first and when?	viking called Leif Erickson in 1002 CE	45
8393248954	Theocracy	political and religious leader are the same	46
8393252426	Jerusalem	capital of the Hebrews	47
8393262057	Charles Martel	defeated the Muslims at the Battle of Tours	48
8393268616	The Four Noble Truths	part of the beliefs of Buddhists	49
8393290192	The Vedas	form the basis of of Hinduism and mean knowledge	50
8393296693	How were the Vedas passed down?	by word of mouth until they were written down in 4 books	51
8393307601	Monsoons	seasonal winds	52
8393315119	The Battle of Chalons	stopped the Huns from advancing into Europe	53
8393324584	Hadrian	built fortifications to defend Rome's borders	54
8393333077	Who was the first Roman emperor?	Augustus	55
8393333078	Alaric	Visigoth king who sacked Rome	56
8393340225	Martyrs	people who suffer or die for their beliefs	57
8393348636	Cleopatra	ruler of Egypt who tried to remain an ally of Rome	58
8393359504	Was Julius Caesar involved in the Battle of Actium in 31 BCE?	no	59
8393375447	Twelve Tables	the code of Roman laws	60
8393633464	Plebians	lower classes in Rome	61
8393638037	Groma	Latin for crossroads	62
8393643914	Pontius Pilate	Roman governor of Judea who ordered death of Jesus	63
8394012256	Tiberius Gracchus	murdered for his land reform proposals	64
8394026691	What did the Romans call the Mediterranean Sea?	"Mare Nostrum" ("Our Sea")	65
8394047994	Hannibal	Carthage's greatest general	66
8394059916	What did Aristophanes write?	the comedy The Congress Woman	67
8394080690	Did Socrates help lead Athens to democracy?	no	68
8394101418	Was Troy a city-state?	no	69
8394105127	Parables	short stories with a moral lesson told by Jesus	70
8394112374	Ashurbanipal	Assyrian king	71
8394116466	Euclid	developed geometry into a system in Elements	72
8394143948	Aristotle	taught Alexander the Great and classified facts into systems in works such as Politics, Ethics, Poetics, and Logic	73
8394168148	Homer	wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey	74
8394175762	Shi Huangdi	harsh ruler who built the Great Wall of China	75
8394185975	Did Hinduism grow out of Judaism?	no	76
8394185976	Scribes	people who could read and write in ancient Egypt	77
8394193281	The Torah	the 5 books of law of the Hebrews	78
8394205102	Polytheism	worship of many gods	79
8394208296	Herodotus	father of history who wrote History of the Persian Wars	80
8394221293	Moksha	in Hinduism, the state of perfect understanding that is one's ultimate goal	81
8394235006	Thermoluminescence dating	determines an object's age by measuring the light given off by electrons trapped in the surrounding soil	82
8394257012	Prehistoric	the time before the invention of writing	83
8394268063	When did agriculture develop?	end of the Paleolithic Age	84
8394281078	Which dynasty did most of ancient China's culture come from?	the Shang dynasty	85
8394292563	Why did Egypt have a stable way of life?	it was protected by natural barriers	86
8394295993	Vizier	top official in ancient Egypt next to the Pharaoh	87
8394310057	Dynasty	where rule is passed down in the same family	88
8394341907	Red Land and Black Land	desert and fertile land in Egypt	89
8394362449	What contributed the most to making the Fertile Crescent suitable for farming?	the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers	90
8394375181	What did the Bantu-speaking people spread in southern Africa?	knowledge of agriculture	91
8394388627	What did Hammurabi's Code do?	establish a uniform set of laws throughout the Babylonian Empire	92
8394425214	Sargon of Akkad	created world's first empire when he took control of northern and southern Mesopotamia	93
8394441933	Which river's flooding was the most predictable?	the Nile	94
8394445080	Calligraphy	writing as an art	95
8394451353	Who drove the Moors out of Spain?	Ferdinand and Isabella	96
8394467512	When was the Hundred Years fought, and what countries fought it?	1337-1453; England and France	97
8394477697	Hagia Sophia	beautiful cathedral built in Constantinople during the Byzantine Empire	98
8394516634	dar al-Islam	lands under Islamic rule	99
8394523248	Ramadan	Islamic holy month	100
8394528269	Heinrich Schliemann	discovered ruins of Troy	101
8394542442	What type of government did the Islamic state have?	theocracy	102
8394573732	Marduk	god of Babylon	103
8394585027	When was the Middle Ages?	the collapse of the Roman Empire to the Renaissance	104
8394598222	Siva	the Hindu God- the Destroyer	105
8394606957	When was the Dark Ages?	the beginning of the Middle Ages	106
8398477672	What was Europe's government like in the Dark Ages?	it had no government	107
8398484204	Caligula	insane Julian emperor (Rome)	108
8398513764	Christos	Greek word for "Messiah"	109
8398615888	Were the Huns a Germanic tribe?	no	110
8398624442	Battle of Adrianople	showed Germanic tribes that Roman legions were not invincible	111
8398720570	Paul	not one of the original 12 apostles; most responsible for spreading Jesus' teachings	112
8398759318	Issus	victory for Alexander the Great	113
8398764584	Senate	most powerful body of Roman Republic's government	114
8398774345	Poseidon	lord of the sea	115
8398779546	Gentiles	non-Jews	116
8398779630	Socrates	one of world's greatest philosophers; asked questions to get people to think for themselves	117
8398845160	Polis	Greek word for city-state	118
8398849835	Athena	goddess of wisdom	119
8398853914	The Battle of Salamis	naval battle where Athenians defeated Persians	120
8398883508	Legalism	taught law and order	121
8398890007	Hieroglyphics	Egyptian system of writing	122
8398916559	Major feature of the Neolithic Revolution	establishment of sedentary villages	123
8398922803	Where was the Neolithic Revolution?	the Middle East	124
8398926777	What did Herodotus call Egypt?	The Gift of the Nile	125
8398939488	The Analects	collection of Confucius' teachings	126
8398959260	Pyramids	tombs for Egyptian rulers	127
8399074120	What caused the beginning of widespread viking attacks in Europe?	the death of Charlemagne	128
8399086659	Was Hammurabi a god or goddess in ancient Egypt?	no	129
8399097172	Ramses	last pharaoh to win a major victory over Egypt's enemies	130
8399131354	Hatshepsut	first female ruler of Egypt	131
8399152401	What did the Chinese say they were because they were superior to other states and countries?	sea that salts all the rivers that run into it	132
8399190856	Nomad	person without a permanent home who moves from place to place	133
8399205210	Caste system	social class system established in India by the Aryans	134
8399267324	Siddhartha Guatama	left isolation in his palace in an attempt to find enlightenment	135
8399283779	King Soloman	king of Israel known for the following wisdom	136
8399351640	Pharaoh Menes	first united upper and lower Egypt	137
8399382328	The Shang Dynasty	China's first recorded dynasty in history	138
8399392762	Catal Huyuk	Neolithic farming village	139
8399396190	Zeno	established Stoic philosophy	140
8399402470	Ziggurats	Sumerian temple	141
8418020246	Did the Vikings use compasses?	no	142
8418023292	Totalitarianism	where the government controls every aspect of a citizen's life	143
8418040071	Was Hammurabi a Persian king?	no	144
8418040072	Confucius	China's greatest philosopher	145
8418046916	The Parthenon	temple to honor the goddess Athena located on top of the acropolis in Athens	146
8418054927	Plato	philosopher; described the ideal government in The Republic	147
8418060980	Archimedes	calculated the value of pi and explained the principle of levers	148
8418068720	Alexander the Great	conquered most of the known world from 336-323 BCE	149
8418076831	Aphrodite	goddess of love and beauty	150
8418080497	Zeus	most powerful Greek god	151
8418084400	Aeschylus	founder of Greek tragedy	152
8418087762	Where were the Vikings from?	Scandinavia	153
8418096633	Knossos	Minoan city	154
8418101759	Who did Philip of Macedon defeat at Chaeronea?	the Greeks	155
8418118532	Who were the first settlers of Italy?	the Latins	156
8418124452	When was Italy first settled?	2000-1000 BCE	157
8418131460	What was the central institution in Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire?	the Roman Catholic Church	158
8418135082	Tarquin the Proud	harsh Etruscan ruler	159
8418138049	Pyrrhus	Greek general who won battles but lost war to the Romans	160
8418151977	What were Julius Caesar's last words?	"Et tu, Brutus!"	161
8418160137	Who was the founder of Daoism?	Lao Tsu	162
8418170117	Who attacked and burned Rome and when?	the Gauls in 390 BCE	163
8418175571	Hannibal's greatest victory	Cannae	164
8418179769	Scipio Africanus	Roman general who defeated Hannibal	165
8418182615	Pryyhic victory	costly victory	166
8418186933	Diocletian	able Roman emperor who split the empire	167
8418192751	Marcus Aurelius	last of the Good Emperors	168
8418199761	Romulus Augustus	last Roman emperor	169
8418203447	Constantine	reunited Roman Empire for a brief period; ruled from Byzantium	170
8418218065	Who is the creator of the world in Hinduism?	Brahma	171
8418221537	Sanskrit	written language of the Aryans	172
8418224535	Dravidians	natives of India	173
8418231007	Does the Vikings' written history give us information about them?	no	174
8418234433	Diaspora	scattering of the Jews	175
8418234496	Gilgamesh	Sumerian epic about a great flood	176
8418243277	Charlemagne	greatest king of the Franks	177
8418248716	The Silk Roads	trade routes that linked China to the Mediterranean Sea	178
8418256243	Saladin	greatest Muslim leader during the Crusades	179
8418261174	Islam means	submission to the will of God	180
8418264958	Mosques	Islamic temples where Muslims go to pray	181
8418279021	Was a vow of silence a Benedictine Rule?	no	182
8418284757	Baghdad	capital of the Abbasids	183
8418289342	Analects	writings of Confucius	184
8418295643	Was Abraham a king of the Jews?	no	185
8418295644	Chinese junks	made of teak wood and had square sails and a large rudder; Chinese ships used in Indian Ocean trade	186
8418307167	Sufis	Islamic missionaries (mystics) who emphasized piety and devotion	187
8418323672	What happened to China after the collapse of the Han Dynasty in 220 CE?	it entered a long period of turmoil and unrest	188
8418335384	What happened to the Christian church in the Byzantine Empire?	it split from the Roman Catholic Church and became known as the Greek Orthodox Church	189
8418348774	Who did Constantinople fall to, and when?	the Ottoman Turks in 1453 CE	190
8418360284	What was the Christian's goal in the Crusades?	to take the Holy Land from the Muslims	191
8418374670	Where did tea come to China from, and during which dynasty?	southeast Asia in during the Tang Dynasty	192
8418378717	The sultanate of Delhi	one of the few empires where a minority ruling class (Islam) ruled over a majority of people belonging to a different religion (Hinduism)	193
8418394297	Egalitarian	where people are roughly equal	194
8418405029	How did people get food during the Paleolithic period?	hunting and foraging	195
8418407939	Hierarchal	some people are more important than others	196
8418418749	What did agriculture lead to?	A sedentary lifestyle	197
8418423389	What does the invention of pottery support?	the idea that when people settled, food storage became necessary	198
8418433938	Venus figurines	small sculptures of women used by Paleolithic people as symbols of fertility	199
8418441089	Syncretism	blending of a religion with local beliefs and traditions	200
8418449896	Corvee labor	labor exacted by local authority for no pay	201
8418456178	Cosmopolitan	having people and things from many parts of the world	202
8418461212	Indigenous	to be native to a particular region	203
8418466373	Matrilineal	of or based on kinship with the mother or female line	204