APES Geology Flashcards

7991475615	Plate tectonics	A theory explaining the structure of the earth's crust and many associated phenomena as resulting from the interaction of rigid lithospheric plates that move slowly over the underlying mantle	0
7991475617	Subduction zone	A destructive plate margin where oceanic crust is being pushed down into the mantle beneath a second plate	1
7991475618	Hot spot	An area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust above it	2
7991475619	Volcanic chain	Formed above a subduction zone	3
7991475620	Mid-ocean ridge	An undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced; a divergent plate boundary	4
7991475621	Transform boundary	A plate boundary where two plates move past each other in opposite directions	5
7991475622	Island accretion	When islands atop an oceanic plate are added on to continental crust as the two plates converge	6
7991475628	Missoula floods	Massive floods that contributed to the formation of the Columbia Gorge, Willamette Valley, and Channeled Scablands.	7
7991475629	Columbia Basalt Flows	Volcanic floods that blanketed much of the Pacific Northwest in basalt.	8
7991475630	Date of Missoula Floods	Occurred at the end of the last ice age (20,000 - 10,000 years ago).	9
7991475631	Cause of Missoula Floods	Failure of ice dam that extended from a glacier in Canada into Missoula Montana.	10
7991475632	Erratics	Rocks carried away from their original resting places by glaciers.	11
7991475633	Date of Columbia basalt flows	17 million to 6 million years ago (Mostly around 15 million years ago)	12
7991475634	Cause of the large earthquakes that periodically occur in the PNW	The Cascadia subduction zone	13
7991475635	Cascade Mountains	Formed due to the subduction of the Juan De Fuca plate beneath the North American Plate	14
7991475636	Yellowstone hot spot	Responsible for both the Columbia basalt flows and the Yellowstone caldera.	15