AP Psychology: Thinking & Language Flashcards
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| 8307172350 | Cognition | The mental processes associated with thinking, knowing, communicating, etc. | 0 | |
| 8307172351 | Concept | Mental grouping of similar objects & ideas | 1 | |
| 8307172352 | Prototype | Our best example of something | 2 | |
| 8307172353 | Gambis Fallacy | Predicting order in random events | 3 | |
| 8307172354 | Heuristics | Short-cuts, quick thinking strategy to a problem which generates a quick answer | 4 | |
| 8307172355 | Insight | "Aha" moment, a sudden realization in thinking that leads to a solution | 5 | |
| 8307172356 | Mental set | Tendency to use procedures/methods that has worked before to approach problems | 6 | |
| 8307172357 | Fixation | Tendency to get stuck in one way of thinking, inability to see problem in a new perspective | 7 | |
| 8307172358 | Intuition | Gut instinct, quick-thinking, automatic (can lead to problems, however) | 8 | |
| 8307172359 | availability heuristic | prediction about possibility of event based on recalling or imagining similar events | 9 | |
| 8307172360 | Representative heuristic | Using stereotypical assumptions to come to conclusions; a small sample represents a whole population | 10 | |
| 8307172361 | Belief perseverance error | Our tendency to hold ok to our beliefs when facing contradictory evidence | 11 | |
| 8307172362 | Anchoring bias | Relying too much on the first thing we hear, affects decision-making | 12 | |
| 8307172363 | Framing | Focus, emphasis, or perspective that affects our judgements and decisions | 13 | |
| 8307172364 | Overconfidence | Recognition leads to false assumptions of recall | 14 | |
| 8307172365 | Convergent thinking | Narrowing in on a solution (school) | 15 | |
| 8307172366 | Divergent thinking | Creative thinking that can diverge into multiple options | 16 | |
| 8307172367 | Phoenemes | Smallest unirte of sound (vowels & consonants) | 17 | |
| 8307172368 | Morphemes | Units of meaning (prefixes, suffixes) | 18 | |
| 8307172369 | Grammar | Rules for syntax, inflection and word formation which govern how sentences are formed | 19 | |
| 8307172370 | Babbling | begins at 4 months, speech development various multilingual sounds | 20 | |
| 8307172371 | Holophrastic speech | using one word (holophrases) to convey a whole sentence (e.g. "me" for "give that to me"), "telegraphic speech" during at 18-24 months | 21 | |
| 8307172372 | Overextension | The overly broad use of words, overgeneralizing their meaning (all four-legged animals are dogs) | 22 | |
| 8307172373 | underextension | the overly restrictive use of words, common among children just mastering spoken language (only my basketball is a basketball) | 23 | |
| 8307172374 | Chomsky | Universal grammar, language acquisition devices in genetics | 24 | |
| 8307172375 | linguistic determinism | Sapir-Whorf hypothesis: language shapes thought | 25 |