AP Language-Rhetorical Analysis Terms Flashcards

6780771121	diction	word choice	0
6780771122	syntax	the ordering of words in a sentence	1
6780771123	style	the manner of expression	2
6780771124	tone	the attitude, mood, or sentiments revealed by the style; describes how the author seems to be feeling	3
6780771125	point of view	stance revealed by the style and tone of the writing; expresses his/her opinion on the topic	4
6780771126	rhetoric	the art of using language to communicate effectively	5
6780771127	logos	a classical appeal to reason and logic	6
6780771128	ethos	a classical appeal to the speaker's credibility	7
6780771129	pathos	a classical appeal to the emotions, values, or desires of the audience	8
6780771130	figurative language	language not meant to be taken literally to achieve a special effect	9
6780771131	imagery	figurative language used to convey a sensory perception using any or all of the five senses	10
6780771132	hyperbole	exaggeration or overstatement	11
6780771133	understatement	presents facts in the way that makes them seem much less significant than they really are	12
6780771134	simile	a comparison between two unlike objects using like or as	13
6780771135	metaphor	a comparison between two unlike objects	14
6780771136	extended metaphor	a comparison between two unlike objects that lasts longer that a phrase or sentence	15
6780771137	symbol	a word that represents something other than itself	16
6780771138	denotation	the literal significance or dictionary definition	17
6780771139	connotation	the vast range of other meanings a word suggests	18
6780771140	oxymoron	contradiction: two contradictory terms or ideas used together; always only two words (sweet sorrow, jumbo shrimp)	19
6780771141	paradox	an apparent contradiction of an idea or statement but,in fact, does have a dash of truth (oxymoron on a larger scale)	20
6780771142	personification	a figurative device in which inanimate objects or concepts are given human qualities	21
6780771143	rhetorical question	a question whose answer is obvious	22
6780771144	bombast	language that is overly pompous (full of itself)	23
6780771145	pun	a play on words	24
6780771146	metonymy	when one term is substituted for another term with which it is closely related	25
6780771147	synecdoche	where a part is used to signify the whole	26
6780771148	theme	the general idea contained in the text	27
6780771149	aphorism	a concise, pithy statement of an opinion or general truth	28
6780771150	malapropism	the unintentional use of a word that resembles the word intended but had a very different meaning	29
6780771151	circumlocution	talking around a subject	30
6780771152	euphemism	an inoffensive expression that is substituted for one that is considered offensive or harsh	31
6780771153	verbal irony	stating something but meaning the opposite of what is stated	32
6780771154	sarcasm	verbal irony with the intent to injure or harm	33
6780771155	situational irony	a situation that runs contrary to what was expected	34
6780771156	satire	attacks human vice or folly through humor and/or ridicule	35
6780771157	antithesis	the placing of opposing or contrasting words or ideas within the same sentence or very close together to emphasize their disparity	36
6780771158	parallel structure	balanced construction in a sentence or entire work	37
6780771159	polysyndeton	the use of many conjunctions to slow the pace of the reader; may be used to try to create the feeling of being overwhelmed	38
6780771160	asyndeton	conjunctions are omitted producing fast-paced rapid prose	39
6780771161	allusion	a reference to another text or assumed knowledge of a reference; an allusion draws on the authority of the alluded work: typically literary, Biblical, historical, mythological, or current event	40
6780771162	conceit	an elaborate comparison between two different subjects (salvation is a cage); a little more than a metaphor	41
6780771163	speaker	who is talking in a piece? what is his/her perspective?	42
6780771164	occasion	what is the purpose for the writing?	43
6780771165	audience	to whom is the writer speaking?	44
6780771166	purpose	what is the reason for the writer communicating?	45
6780771167	situation	the set of circumstances surrounding a work being written	46
6780771168	prepositional phrase	will begin with a preposition and end with the object (in the beginning, on the deck, within the house)	47
6780771169	subordinate clause	a dependent clause; cannot stand alone as a sentence	48
6780771170	declarative sentence	sentence in the form of a statement	49
6780771171	imperative sentence	sentence that expresses a request or command	50
6780771172	interrogative sentence	sentence that asks a question	51
6780771173	exclamatory sentence	sentence that expresses strong feelings by making an exclamation	52
6780771174	analogy	a similarity between like features of two things (the brain as a command center)	53
6780771175	apostrophe	the direct address of something that cannot respond, usually something without a physical presence (death, thou shalt die)	54
6780771176	antimetabole	is the repetition of words in successive clauses, but is transposed grammatical order ("I know what I like, and I like what I know")	55
6780771177	anaphora	a form of regular repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases or strategically placed paragraphs	56
6780771178	litotes	another word for understatement	57
6780771179	anticlimax	an event, conclusion, statement, etc., that is far less important, powerful, or striking than expected	58
6780771180	alliteration	repetition of the initial consonant sound	59
6780771181	assonance	repetition of vowel sounds	60
6780771182	claim	a primary point being made to support an argument	61
6780771183	assertion	a positive statement or declaration	62
6780771184	counterargument	contrasting or opposing an argument	63
6780771185	concession	acknowledgements to objections of a proposal	64
6780771186	refutation	part of an argument on which a speaker or writer counters opposing points of view	65
6780771187	ad hominem	latin-"to the man"; any kind of fallacious argument that criticizes an idea by pointing something out about the person who holds the idea rather than directly addressing the real merit of the idea	66
6780771188	non sequitur	latin-"it doesn't follow"; a statement that does not relate logically to what comes before it	67
6780771189	cacophonous tone	harsh sounding words	68
6780771190	euphonious tone	pleasant sounding device	69
6780771191	syllogism	rhetorical device where a major premise + minor premise= conclusion is used (all birds are animals-all parrots are birds-all parrots are animals)	70