Ancient India Flashcards

9466515237	Subcontinent	A large landmass that is set apart from the rest of the continent	0
9466521466	Himalaya	the highest mountains in the world	1
9466524887	Ganges River	A river of South Asia that flows southeast from the Himalayas to the Bay of Bengal.	2
9466553899	Indus River	A river in South Asia that flows from the Himalayas to the Arabian Sea.	3
9466556927	Monsoons	seasonal wind patterns that cause wet and dry seasons	4
9466559666	Harappa	ancient city from the Indus River Valley. a large ancient city of the Indus civilization, created in present-day Pakistan	5
9466567291	Mohenjo-Daro	Indus Valley city laid out in a grid pattern. Had a complex irrigation and sewer system. ancient city of the Indus civilization, located in present-day Pakistan	6
9466572931	Aryans	immigrants who arrived at the Ganges river valley by the year 1000 BC	7
9466575184	Sanskrit	written language developed by the Aryans	8
9466577978	Raja	An Indian prince	9
9466583007	Brahmins	The priest varna of the caste system.	10
9466585223	Varna	each of the four Hindu castes, Brahman, Kshatriya, Vaishya, and Shudra.	11
9466891974	Guru	Teacher	12
9466898064	Suttee	Required the wife to throw herself on her dead husband's flaming funeral pyre.	13
9466942216	Kshatriyas	The warrior and aristocrat varna of the caste system.	14
9466944755	Vaisyas	Caste of the common people (merchants, artisans, and farmers)	15
9466949224	Sudras	unskilled laborers, servants	16
9466956982	Pariahs	slaves/outcasts; perform tasks that are considered unclean	17
9466967313	Hinduism	A religion native to India, featuring belief in many gods and reincarnation	18
9466972856	Brahman	the universal spirit worshiped by Hindus	19
9466978170	Upanishads	ancient texts that describe the search for Brahman	20
9466987221	Reincarnation	Hindu and Buddhist belief that souls are reborn into new bodies over and over.	21
9467035386	Dharma	In Hindu belief, a person's religious and moral duties	22
9467038170	Karma	The belief that actions in this life, whether good or bad, will decide your place in the next life.	23
9467053586	Buddhism	a religion founded in ancient India by the religious teacher Buddha	24
9467057068	Siddhartha Gautama	Founder of Buddhism	25
9467059098	Nepal	A small landlocked Asian country high in the Himalayas between India and China. This is where Siddhartha Gautama was born	26
9467069815	Nirvana	the lasting peace that Buddhists seek by giving up selfish desires	27
9467082394	Four Noble Truths	as taught by the Buddha, the four basic beliefs that form the foundation of Buddhism	28
9467086788	Eight Fold Path	Eight steps to end suffering and attain enlightenment according to Buddhist tradition.	29
9467099898	Theravada	Sect of Buddhism focusing on strict spiritual discipline	30
9467104576	Mahayana	Chinese version of Buddhism; placed considerable emphasis on Buddha as god or savior	31
9467111010	Tibet	Himalayan region of China with distinct language and culture	32
9467116656	Theocracy	A government controlled by religious leaders	33
9467120264	Dalai Lama	Buddhist leader of Tibet	34
9467152233	Chandragupta Maurya	founder of the first Indian empire	35
9467160742	Dynasty	A series of rulers from the same family	36
9467165748	Asoka	Grandson of Chandragupta; leader who brought the Mauryan Empire to its greatest height	37
9467169607	Stupas	Buddhist shrines	38
9467174068	Gupta Empire	Golden Age of India; art, literature, and trade were important; mathematical inventions	39
9467180170	Pilgrims	a person who journeys to a sacred place for religious reasons.	40
9467221382	Mahabharata	a great Indian epic poem, reflecting the struggles of the Aryans as they moved south into India	41
9467227912	Ramayana	A Hindu epic written in Sanskrit that describes the adventures of the king Rama and his queen	42
9467239735	Bhagavad Gita	"Song of the Lord" - in this the deity Krishna preaches about how noble it is to do your duty even when it is difficult or painful.	43
9467256397	Kalidasa	One of India's greatest writers	44
9467273528	Pataliputra	The capital of both Mauryan and Gupta empires	45
9565070246	Caste	Social group that a person is born into and cannot change	46