Ap Language Terminology Flashcards
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| 10602898706 | Alliteration | The repetition of the same sound or letter at the beginning of consecutive words or syllables. Ex: "She sells, sea shells, by the sea shore." | 0 | |
| 10602905557 | Allusion | An indirect reference, often to another text or a historic event. Ex: "He lied so much that his nose grew like Pinocchio's." | 1 | |
| 10602934569 | Analogy | An extended comparison between two seemingly dissimilar things. Ex: "Her hair is as dark as the night." | 2 | |
| 10602941141 | Anaphora | The repetition of words at the beginning of successive clauses. Ex: "Because you......Because we......Because I..." | 3 | |
| 10602952839 | Anecdote | A short account of an interesting event. | 4 | |
| 10602955710 | Annotation | Explanatory or critical notes added to the text. | 5 | |
| 10602960214 | Antecedent | The noun to which a later pronoun refers. Ex: "Adeline bit her lip." Adeline=Antecedent | 6 | |
| 10602965964 | Antimetabole | The repetition of words in an inverted order to sharpen contrast. Ex: "Fair is foul, and foul is fair." | 7 | |
| 10602973876 | Antithesis | Parallel structure that juxtaposes contrasting ideas. Ex: "Man proposes, God disposes." | 8 | |
| 10602978849 | Aphorism | A short, astute statement of a general truth or wisdom. Ex: "A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush." | 9 | |
| 10602987675 | Appositive | A word or phrase that renames a nearby noun or pronoun. Ex: "My friend, tall with hairy legs, is running." | 10 | |
| 10603003658 | Archaic-diction | The use of words common to an earlier time period; antiquated language. Ex: "Thy" "Brethren" | 11 | |
| 10603008830 | Argument | A statement put forth and supported by evidence. | 12 | |
| 10603021202 | Aristotelian Triangle | Rhetorical triangle that represents a rhetorical situation. (Ethos, Pathos, Logos) | 13 | |
| 10603027838 | Assertion | An emphatic statement; declaration. Ex: "Inventory is physically present in the warehouse." Assertion of existence. | 14 | |
| 10603046777 | Assumption | A belief or statement taken for granted without proof. | 15 | |
| 10603049857 | Asyndeton | Leaving out conjunctions between words, phrases, clauses. Ex: "I came. I saw." | 16 | |
| 10603060043 | Attitude | The speaker's position on a subject as revealed through his tone. | 17 | |
| 10603062853 | Audience | One's listener or readership. | 18 | |
| 10603066179 | Authority | Someone with knowledge. | 19 | |
| 10603070545 | Bias | Prejudice or predisposition towards a side. | 20 | |
| 10603072259 | Cite | Identifying a part of a piece or writing from a specific source. | 21 | |
| 10603075334 | Claim | An assertion, usually supported by evidence. | 22 | |
| 10603077296 | Close reading | A careful reading that scans for literary tools. | 23 | |
| 10603084024 | Colloquial/ism | An informal or conversational use of language. | 24 | |
| 10603085712 | Common ground | Shared beliefs, values, or positions. | 25 | |
| 10603092338 | Complex sentence | A sentence with a dependent & independent clause. | 26 | |
| 10603096345 | Concession | A reluctant acknowledgement or yielding. | 27 | |
| 10603098016 | Connotation & Denotation | That which is implied by a word (denotation), but opposed by the word's literal meaning (connotation). Ex: Youthful and childlike refer to young age, whereas childlike means immature and youthful energetic. | 28 | |
| 10603123082 | Context | Words, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning. | 29 | |
| 10603128508 | Coordination | Grammatical equivalence between sentences (but, and, or...) | 30 | |
| 10603138723 | Counter-argument | An opposing argument. | 31 | |
| 10603142482 | Cumulative sentence | An independent clause followed by subordinate clauses. Ex: "I wrote a song." | 32 | |
| 10603153223 | Declarative Sentence | An statement | 33 | |
| 10603154868 | Deduction | To boil something down. | 34 | |
| 10603161587 | Diction | Word choice | 35 | |
| 10603163132 | Documentation | Bibliographic information about sources used in a writing. | 36 | |
| 10603166277 | Elegiac | Mournful over what has been lost. | 37 | |
| 10603168997 | Epigram | A brief witty statement. Ex: "It's better to light a candle, than to curse the darkness." | 38 | |
| 10603176483 | Ethos | Appeal to evidence. | 39 | |
| 10603182671 | Figurative language | Speech that goes over literal meaning. | 40 | |
| 10603186676 | Figurative speech | An expression that strives for a literary effect rather than a literal meaning. | 41 | |
| 10603190241 | Hyperbole | Exaggeration for emphasis. | 42 | |
| 10603192370 | Imagery | Vivid use of detail in language. | 43 | |
| 10603194109 | Imperative sentence | A request or command. | 44 | |
| 10604787236 | Induction | Reaching a conclusion through logical reasoning. | 45 | |
| 10604792444 | Inversion | A sentence in which the verb precedes the subject. | 46 | |
| 10604795410 | Irony | Incongruity between action and result. | 47 | |
| 10604796670 | Juxtaposition | Placement of two things side by side for emphasis. | 48 | |
| 10604800274 | Logos | Appeal to logic. | 49 | |
| 10604802234 | Metaphor | A metaphor is the use of a thing to explain another. | 50 | |
| 10604808092 | Metonymy | Use of an aspect of something to represent the whole. Ex: "The pen is mightier than the sword." | 51 | |
| 10604812716 | Occasion | The cause or reason for writing. | 52 | |
| 10604815838 | Oxymoron | A figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms. | 53 | |
| 10604818561 | Paradox | A statement that seems contradictory but is true. | 54 | |
| 10604821292 | Parallelism | The repetition of similar grammatical or syntactical patterns. Ex: "I have a dream...." | 55 | |
| 10604824480 | Parody | An exaggeration of the original piece used for comic or ridicule purposes. | 56 | |
| 10604827051 | Pathos | Appeal to emotions. | 57 | |
| 10604827716 | Persona | The speaker, voice, or character assumed by the author of a piece of writing. | 58 | |
| 10604829595 | Personification | Assigning lifelike characteristics to inanimate objects. | 59 | |
| 10604831545 | Polemic | An argument against an idea, usually philosophical, political, or religious. | 60 | |
| 10604835393 | Polysyndeton | The deliberate use of a series of conjunctions. Ex: "The boy ran over the grass and jumped over the puddle and ran again over the hill and...." | 61 | |
| 10604844905 | Major & Minor Premise | The two parts of a syllogism, the concluding sentence of a syllogism takes its predicate from the major premise, and its subject from the minor premise. Ex: "All mammals are warm blooded(MA.P.). All horses(MI.P.) are mammals." | 62 | |
| 10604858422 | Propaganda | A negative term to define the opinion rather than actual information. | 63 | |
| 10604864834 | Purpose | Once's intention or objective in a speech or a piece of writing. | 64 | |
| 10604881726 | Refute | To discredit an argument, particularly a counterargument. | 65 | |
| 10604883818 | Rhetoric | The study of effective, persuasive language use. | 66 | |
| 10604888419 | Rhetorical modes | Patterns of organization developed to achieve a specific purpose: Description, comparison & contrast, cause & effect, definition, exemplification, classification & division, process analysis, and argumentation. | 67 | |
| 10604902373 | Rhetorical question | A question asked more to produce and effect than to summon an answer. | 68 | |
| 10604905106 | Rhetorical triangle | Appeal to Ethos, Logos, and Pathos rhetorically. | 69 | |
| 10604909592 | Satire | An ironic, sarcastic, or witty composition that claims to argue for something, but actually argues against it. | 70 | |
| 10604913760 | Scheme | A pattern of words or sentence used for rhetorical purposes. | 71 | |
| 10604916359 | Sentence patterns | Arrangement of independent and dependent clauses into known sentence constructions. | 72 | |
| 10604921847 | Sentence variety | Using a variety of sentence patterns to create a desired effect. | 73 | |
| 10604923383 | Simile | Figure of speech that uses "like" & "as" to compare things. | 74 | |
| 10604948714 | Simple sentence | An independent clause. | 75 | |
| 10604953192 | Source | A book, article, person, or other resource consulted for information. | 76 | |
| 10604957430 | Speaker | A term used for the author, speaker, or the person whose perspective is being used in the writing. | 77 | |
| 10604964511 | Straw man | A type of rhetorical device used to refute a person's position (usually in debates.) | 78 | |
| 10604972851 | Style | A distinctive quality of speech or writing created by the word choice and figures of speech. | 79 | |
| 10604977898 | Subject | The topic addressed in a piece of writing. | 80 | |
| 10604979075 | Subordinate clause | A clause that modifies an independent clause. | 81 | |
| 10604983125 | Subordination | The dependence of one syntactical element on another in a sentence. | 82 | |
| 10604984827 | Syllogism | Reasoning in which the conclusion is supported by a major and minor premise. | 83 | |
| 10604989836 | Syntax | Sentence structure. | 84 | |
| 10604997313 | Synthesize | Combining +2 elements to produce something more complex. | 85 | |
| 10604999159 | Thesis | The central point in which the rest of the work is based. | 86 | |
| 10605001939 | Thesis statement | A statement of the central idea of the work. | 87 | |
| 10605005802 | Tone | The speaker's attitude towards the subject or audience. | 88 | |
| 10605008768 | Topic sentence | A sentence at the beginning of the paragraph that announces the paragraph's idea. | 89 | |
| 10605012059 | Trope | Figure of speech. | 90 | |
| 10605014220 | Understatement | Lack of emphasis, restrain in language to cause ironic effect. | 91 | |
| 10605022587 | Voice | Grammar: Term for the relationship between the verb and noun. Rhetoric: A distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing. | 92 | |
| 10605026500 | Zeugma | A construction in which one word modifies or governs in different or incongruent ways. Ex: "She broke his car in his heart." | 93 |