AP Language Flashcards

7120233701	Alliteration	Repetition of the same sound or letter at the beginning of consecutive words	0
7120233702	Allusion	indirect reference, often to another text or historic event	1
7120233703	Analogy	A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them.	2
7120383720	Anaphora	Repetition of words at the beginning of successive clauses	3
7120383721	Anecdote	Short account of an interesting event	4
7120383722	Annotation	(n.) a critical or explanatory note or comment, especially for a literary work	5
7120383723	Antecedent	The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun.	6
7120383724	Antimetabole	The repetition of words in an inverted order to sharpen a contrast.	7
7120383725	Antithesis	a person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone or something else	8
7120383726	Aphorism	Short astute statement of a general truth	9
7120383727	Appositive	A word or phrase that renames a nearby noun or pronoun.	10
7120383728	archaic diction	The use of words common to an earlier time period; antiquated language.	11
7120383729	Argument	A statement put forth and supported by evidence	12
7120383730	Aristotelian triangle	A diagram that represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among speaker, subject, and audience	13
7120383731	Assertion	a declaration or statement	14
7120383732	Assumption	A belief or statement taken for granted without proof.	15
7120383733	Asyndeton	Leaving out conjunctions between words, phrases, clauses.	16
7120383734	Attitude	Speakers position on a subject as revealed through his or her tone	17
7120383735	audience	Those to whom a speech/writing is for	18
7120383736	authority	A reliable, respected source-someone with knowledge	19
7120383737	Bias	Prejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue	20
7120383738	Cite	Identifying a part of a piece of writing as being derived from a source.	21
7120383739	Claim	An assertion, usually supported by evidence	22
7120383740	close reading	A careful reading that is attentive to organization, figurative language	23
7120383741	Colloquial	An informal or conversational use of language	24
7120383742	common ground	Shared beliefs, values, or positions.	25
7120383743	complex sentence	A sentence that includes one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.	26
7120383744	Concession	A reluctant acknowledgment or yielding.	27
7120383745	Connotation	That why ch is implied by a word, as opposed to the word's literal meaning	28
7120383746	Context	Words, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning.	29
7120383747	Coordination	Grammatical equivalence between parts of a sentence, often through a coordinating conjunction such as and, or but	30
7120383748	Counterargument	A challenge to a position; an opposing argument.	31
7120383749	cumulative sentence	An independent clause followed by subordinate clauses or phrases that supply additional detail	32
7120383750	declarative sentence	A sentence that makes a statement.	33
7120383751	Deduction	Reasoning from general to specific	34
7120383752	Denotation	The dictionary definition of a word	35
7120383753	Diction	Word choice	36
7120383754	Documentation	Bibliographic information about the sources used in a piece of writing.	37
7120383755	Elegiac	Mournful over what has passed or been lost; often used to describe tone	38
7120383756	Epigram	A brief witty statement	39
7120383757	Ethos (ethical appeal)	A Greek term referring to the character of a person; one of Aristotle's 3 rhetorical appeals	40
7120383758	figurative language	The use of tropes or figures of speech; going beyond literal meaning to achieve literary effect	41
7120383759	figure of speech	An expression that strives for literary effect rather than conveying a literal meaning.	42
7120383760	Hyperbole	exaggeration for effect	43
7120383761	Imagery	Vivid use of language that evokes a reader's senses (sight, smell, taste, touch, hearing).	44
7120383762	imperative sentence	A sentence that requests or commands.	45
7120383763	Induction	reasoning from specific to general. Statement in which the verb precedes the subject	46
7120383764	Irony	A contradiction between what is said and what is meant; incongruity between action and result	47
7120383765	Juxtaposition	Placement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts	48
7120383766	Logos	Appeal to logic	49
7120383767	Metaphor	Figure of speech through which one thing is spoken of as though it were something else, thus making an implicit comparison	50
7120383768	Metonymy	use of an aspect of something to represent the whole	51
7120383769	occasion	An aspect of context; the cause or reason for writing.	52
7120383770	Oxymoron	A figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms	53
7133600484	Paradox	a statement that seems contradictory but is actually true	54
7133600485	Parallelism	The repetition of similar grammatical or syntactical patterns.	55
7133600486	Parody	a work which imitates another in a ridiculous manner	56
7133600487	Pathos	appeal to emotion	57
7133600488	Persona	The speaker, voice, or character assumed by the author of a piece of writing	58
7133600489	Personification	Attribution of a lifelike quality to an inanimate object or idea	59
7133600490	Polemic	an argument against an idea, usually regarding philosophy, politics, or religion	60
7133600491	Polysyndeton	the deliberate use of a series of conjunctions	61
7133600492	Premise	a proposition supporting or helping to support a conclusion	62
7133600493	Propaganda	Negative term for writing designed to sway opinion rather than present information	63
7133600494	Purpose	One's intention or objective in a speech or piece of writing.	64
7133600495	refute	To discrete dit an argument, particularly a counterargument	65
7133600496	Rhetoric	The study of effective, persuasive language use.	66
7133600497	rhetorical modes	patterns of organization developed to achieve a specific purpose	67
7133600498	rhetorical question	A question asked more to produce an effect rather than to summon an answer	68
7133600499	Rhetorical Triangle	author, audience, purpose	69
7133600500	Satire	A literary style used to make fun of or ridicule an idea or human vice or weakness	70
7133600501	Scheme	A pattern of words or sentence construction used for rhetorical effect.	71
7133600502	Sentence Patterns	The arrangement of independent and dependent clauses into know sentence constructions	72
7133600503	sentence variety	Using a variety of sentence patterns to create a desired effect.	73
7133600504	Simile	A comparison using "like" or "as"	74
7133600505	simple sentence	a statement containing a subject and predicate; an independent clause	75
7133600506	Source	A book, article, person, or other resource consulted for information.	76
7133600507	Speaker	A term used for the author, speaker, or the person whose perspective is being advanced in a speech or piece of writing	77
7133600508	Straw Man	A logical fallacy that involves the creation of an easily refutable position; misrepresenting and then attacking an opponents position	78
7133600509	Style	The distinctive quality of speech or writing created by the selection and arrangement of words and figures of speech	79
7133600510	Subject	In rhetoric, the topic addressed in a piece of writing.	80
7133600511	subordinate clause	Created by a subordinating conjunction, a clause that modifies an independent clause.	81
7133600512	Subordination	The dependence of one syntactical element on another in a sentence.	82
7133600513	Syllogism	a form of deductive reasoning with a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion	83
7133600514	Syntax	Sentence structure	84
7133600515	Synthesize	Combining or bringing together two or more elements to produce something more complex.	85
7133600516	Thesis	central idea in a work to which all parts of the work refer	86
7133600517	thesis statement	A statement of the central idea in a work, may be explicit or implicit.	87
7133600518	Tone	The speakers attitude toward the subject	88
7133600519	topic sentence	a sentence that states the topic of its paragraph	89
7133600520	Trope	Artful diction; the use of language in a nonliteral way; also called a figure of speech.	90
7133600521	Understatement	Lack of emphasis in a statement or point.	91
7133600522	Voice	Relationship between a verb and noun; in rhetoric between quality in style and tone of writing	92
7133600523	Zeugma	A construction in which one word modifies or governs two or more words	93