AP Language - Midterm Flashcards

5723600345	allegory	a story or poem that reveals a hidden meaning, usually moral or political	0
5723600346	alliteration	the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words	1
5723603376	allusion	an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference	2
5723606200	anaphora	the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses	3
5723610345	antecedent	word to which a pronoun refers	4
5723614272	antithesis	a contrast or opposition between two things	5
5723614273	aphorism	a pithy observation that contains a general truth, such as, "if it ain't broke, don't fix it."	6
5723614274	apostrophe	an exclamatory passage in a speech or poem addressed to a person (typically one who is dead or absent) or thing (typically one that is personified)	7
5723617611	asyndeton	the omission or absence of a conjunction between parts of a sentence	8
5723625332	colloquialism	a word or phrase that is not formal or literary, typically one used in ordinary or familiar conversation	9
5723625333	connotation	socially understood or shared meaning of a word	10
5723628275	denotation	literal meaning of a word or phrase	11
5723628276	diction	author's use of specific words	12
5723628277	hyperbole	exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally	13
5723628278	imagery	visually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work	14
5723630923	irony	the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect	15
5723630924	litotes	ironical understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by the negative of its contrary (e.g., you won't be sorry, meaning you'll be glad).	16
5723630925	metaphor	comparison without using the words "like" or "as"	17
5723630926	metonymy	the substitution of the name of an attribute or adjunct for that of the thing meant, for example "kleenex" for "tissue paper"	18
5723635571	oxymoron	a figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction (e.g., faith unfaithful kept him falsely true )	19
5723635572	paradox	a seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement or proposition that when investigated or explained may prove to be well founded or true (e.g., more is less)	20
5723638309	parallelism	the use of successive verbal constructions in poetry or prose that correspond in grammatical structure, sound, meter, meaning, etc.	21
5723638310	periodic sentence	main clause or predicate is at the end of sentence; used for emphasis and can be persuasive by putting reasons for something at the beginning before the final point is made (e.g., In spite of heavy snow and cold temperatures, the game continued.)	22
5723638311	polysyndeton	literary technique in which conjunctions (e.g. and, but, or) are used repeatedly in quick succession, often with no commas, even when the conjunctions could be removed	23
5723641046	satire	the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues	24
5723650050	style	rhetoric used by the author to create the whole	25
5723659704	dependent clause	clause grammatically unable to stand alone	26
5723662970	independent clause	clause grammatically able to stand alone	27
5723667485	synecdoche	a figure of speech in which a term for a part of something refers to the whole of something or vice versa (e.g., the word "boots" usually refers to soldiers.) DO NOT confuse with metonymy; synechdoche uses a component of something to describe the whole things, while metonymy uses a closely related word that may not necessarily be a part of something Synecdoche: "wheels" for a car Metonymy: "crown" for a ruler	28
5723667486	syntax	rhetorical and grammatical structure of a sentence	29
5723667487	understatement	the presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is	30
5723670215	zeugma	the application of a word to two or more separate things, requiring separate meanings of the word (e.g., The farmer plowed the field and his wife.)	31
5723670216	personification (anthropomorphism)	the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form	32